Objective: To analyze the anthropometric nutritional status and clinical signs of nutritional deficiencies by social vulnerability status of children aged 0-9 years enrolled in day care centers and municipal public schools in the city of Cuité, Paraíba. Methods: A cross-sectional study with the convenience sample composed by 629 children. Family social information was collected and classified according to the poverty line. Anthropometric measurements were performed and nutritional semiology was performed to determine nutritional status. Results: The prevalence of overweight children prevailed underweight children between both of income groups analyzed. It was possible to verify the presence of 3 to 5 signals of clinical alterations related with nutritional deficiencies in about 20% of children who live in families above and below the poverty line. However, It was verified that children who show from 3 to 5 deficiency signs and are included in families who live below the poverty line presented higher weight deficit percentage (19,5%) than overweight (15,6%). For children from families who live above the poverty line with the same clinical alterations, the prevalence of overweight (20%) was significantly higher than underweight (8,9%), proving that the presence of signs of nutritional deficiencies are also present in children with opposite weight characteristics. Conclusion: Therefore, for different conditions of social vulnerability, it is possible to perceive the presence of a double burden of diseases derived from eating habits: The overweight and the deficiency of specific nutrients, typical characteristics from the contemporary process of the Brazilian nutritional transition.

Introduction: The nutritional transition in Brazil has also reached the infant population. In this context, studies have demonstrated high prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children. Objective: analyze the nutritional and anthropometric status of children in a public school between the years of 2013 and 2015. Methods: for which a longitudinal study was developed using a 2013 baseline study. The final sample consisted of 73 students with initial age between 3 and 9 years. Socioeconomic, anthropometric and school feeding practices were collected using questionnaires according to the school age. The nutritional status was determined by the collection of measures of weight and height, later these were used for expression z Weight / Age and Height / Age scores. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed that a significant percentage of schoolchildren remained overweight and obese from the Weight / Age index (21.8%) and at low weight risk by the Height / Age and Weight / Age (4.1% and 3%, 6%). These students presented a growth and weight gain within the norms of normality and the majority presented adequate weight for the age, nevertheless there was an expressive portion of schoolchildren who are underweight and overweight / obese. Conclusions: The nutritional status of children is related to several factors that should be addressed through actions to develop food and nutrition surveillance and food and nutrition education with students to promote healthy eating habits.

Rev. APS. 2018 jul/set; 21(3): 399 -407. ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, ANEMIA E PARASITOSES INTESTINAIS EM GESTANTES DE UM MUNICÍPIO DO CURIMATAÚ PARAIBANO RESUMOO presente estudo objetivou conhecer o perfil socioeconômico, nutricional, hematológico e determinar a prevalência de infecção por enteroparasitos em gestantes do município de Cuité -PB. A coleta de dados realizou-se na Estratégia Saúde da Família entre os meses de maio a julho de 2014. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de um questionário semiestruturado e entrevistas livres. Foram feitos exames parasitológicos de fezes pelo método de sedimentação espontânea e coletados resultados dos exames hematológicos e de características obstétricas do cartão da gestante. Para avaliação nutricional, foi utilizada balança antropométrica com estadiômetro para aferição de peso e altura. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado (p<0,05) para se avaliar associação entre variáveis e os dados foram processados no programa estatístico SPSS. Das 45 gestantes que participaram da pesquisa, a maioria relatou possuir apenas o ensino médio e renda mensal de até um salário mínimo. A maior parte apresentou estado nutricional eutrófico (48,5%). A prevalência de enteroparasitoses encontrada foi de 48%, sendo os enteroparasitos mais frequentes: Entamoeba coli e E.histolytica/E.dispar. A utilização de água de procedência inadequada para beber mostrou-se associada à infecção por parasitas intestinais (p=0,027). Observou-se uma prevalência baixa de anemia. Os resultados apontam para a existência de uma população exposta a riscos de infecção por enteroparasitos. ABSTRACTThis study's purpose was to ascertain the socioeconomic, nutritional, and hematological profile and determine the prevalence of enteroparasites in pregnant women of Cuité city, Paraíba. Data was collected in the Family Health Program between May and July of 2014. Data were obtained through a semi-structured questionnaire and free interviews. Parasitological stool tests were performed using the spontaneous sedimentation method. Results of hematology exams and obstetrical characteristics from the women's records were collected. For nutritional assessment an anthropometric scale with stadiometer was used for measuring weight and height. The chi-square test (p<0.05) was used to evaluate the association between variables. Data were processed using the SPSS statistical program. Most of the 45 pregnant women that participated in the research reported having only a high school education and having a family income no greater than minimum wage in Brazil. A large number of the pregnant women presented a eutrophic nutritional status (48.5%). The prevalence of enteroparasitoses found was 48%, the most common enteroparasites being: Entamoeba coli and E.histolytica/E.dispar. The use of water of inadequate origin for drinking was associated with the infection by intestinal parasites (p=0.027). A low prevalence of anemia was observed among the pregnant women. The results point to the existence of a population exposed to risk of infection by enteroparasites.

O estudo visa descrever as condições socioeconômicas e de produção de alimentos, inclusive acesso às políticas públicas de fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, de agricultores familiares residentes na zona rural do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo e desenho transversal realizada em duas comunidades agrícolas do município de Jaçanã – RN. Realizou-se 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores selecionados pelo método Bola de Neve. A análise foi através de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo, para as informações qualitativas. Observou-se dificuldades quanto as condições de moradia, na renda e no saneamento básico. Acerca da produção agrícola, assumem práticas convencionais (uso de agrotóxicos e sementes transgênicas) e presença de atravessadores na maioria das comercializações. Verificou-se reduzido acesso e desconhecimento sobre as políticas de fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, enquanto um acesso importante ao Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). O trabalho revela o contexto de vulnerabilidade dos agricultores e importante necessidade de fortalecimento das políticas públicas voltadas à população rural e condições de vida, produção e comercialização agrícola. Também reforça a importância de investigações locais que gerem diagnósticos e problematizam os territórios.