IIReação de cultivares e linhagens de feijoeiro em relação a Meloidogyne javanica e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli Reaction of cultivars and lines of bean in relation to

yield. Deviance analysis detected significant differences between the cultivars in both groups. 21Selective accuracy (Ac) was considered high for most of the traits. Broad-sense heritability (ℎ 2 ) 22 ranged from 0.05 to 0.72, but it was low for the trait yield (YLD). In the carioca grain group, the ℎ 2 23 values for the traits related to plant morphology were higher than in the black group. Nevertheless, 24the ℎ 2 values in the black group were higher in relation to the pod and seed traits. The correlations 25 for YLD were moderate but different in the two commercial groups studied. In the black group, 26variables related to the seed morphology were correlated with grain yield, and in the carioca group, 27 traits related to seed quantity. Based on the groupings, variability among the cultivars was 28 observed. Three distinct clusters were formed for the carioca group and four for the black group. 29Based on the predicted genetic values, genetic variability and the most adapted and stable cultivars 30were detected among the cultivars in the studied environments. 31

CULTIVARS SELECTION OF CARIOCA BEANS TYPE TO BE HARVESTED IN ARID FARMLANDS  SEBASTIÃO SOARES DE OLIVEIRA NETO1; DOUGLAS MARIANI ZEFFA2; MARIA MÁRCIA PEREIRA SARTORI3 E VANIA MODA CIRINO4 1Engenheiro-agrônomo. Doutorando em Agronomia (Agricultura). Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal. Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA/UNESP - Campus Botucatu), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1.780, CEP: 18610-307. Botucatu-SP – Brasil. E-mail: neto.soliver@gmail.com2Engenheiro-agrônomo. Doutorando em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas. Departamento de Agronomia. Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá-PR, Brasil. E-mail: douglas.mz@hotmail.com3Matemática. Pesquisadora do Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal. Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA/UNESP – Campus de Botucatu). Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780. CEP: 18.610-307, Botucatu-SP - Brasil. E-mail: mmpsartori@fca.unesp.br4 Engenheira-agrônoma. Pesquisadora do Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), Área de Melhoramento e Genética Vegetal. Caixa Postal 481, CEP: 86001-970, Londrina-PR - Brasil. E-mail:vamoci@iapar.br  1 ABSTRACT Brazil is a major bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) producer. Nevertheless, the unfavorable weather conditions (water deficit, mainly) cause the country’s average productivity to be far below its real potential. To avoid the drought effects, the use of tolerant cultivars is the most economical farming practice. This paper aims to evaluate the reactions and damages caused by water shortage in the production and growth components of five cultivars of Carioca beans and to select those with higher potential of being used in low rainfall conditions. The experiment was conducted at the IAPAR Experimental Station in Londrina, PR, during the 2011 water season, using the random delineation of blocks with split plots, so that the cultivars could be allocated in the sub-plot and in treatments with and without water deficit in the plots. The water deficit began in the pre-blooming stage and was kept for 20 days in the plots submitted to stress. Plants were collected for leaf area index and dry matter rate analyses 35, 47, 54 and 70 days after emergency. On the physiological maturity stage, the productivity characters were determined. The reduction index was calculated for each assessed variant. BRS Talismã proved to be drought-tolerant. Keywords:  Phaseolus vulgaris L., Water deficit, Drought tolerant.  OLIVEIRA NETO, S. S.; ZEFFA, D. M.; SARTORI, M. M. P.; MODA-CIRINO, V.SELEÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE FEIJÃO DO GRUPO COMERCIAL CARIOCA PARA CULTIVO EM AMBIENTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA HÍDRICA   2 RESUMO O Brasil é um grande produtor de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), no entanto, as condições climáticas desfavoráveis (déficit hídrico, principalmente) tornam a produtividade média do país bem abaixo do seu real potencial. Para evitar os efeitos da seca, as cultivares tolerantes são a prática agrícola mais econômica. Este trabalho visa avaliar as reações e os danos causados pela falta de água nos componentes de produção e crescimento de cinco cultivares de feijão carioca e selecionar aqueles com maior potencial de uso em condições de poucas chuvas. O experimento foi conduzido na Estação Experimental do IAPAR em Londrina-PR, na safra das águas de 2011, usando o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, de modo que as cultivares foram alocadas na sub-parcela e os tratamentos com e sem déficit de água, nas parcelas. O déficit hídrico começou no estágio pré-florescimento e foi mantido durante 20 dias nas parcelas submetidas ao estresse. Foram coletadas plantas para a análise de índice de área foliar e taxa de matéria seca aos 35, 47, 54 e 70 dias após a emergência. Na fase de maturação fisiológica foram determinados os caracteres de produtividade. O índice de redução foi calculado para cada variável avaliada. BRS Talismã mostrou ser tolerante à seca. Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Déficit hídrico, Tolerante à seca.

REMOTE SENSING ALLOWS TO ESTIMATE WATER STRESS AND YIELD LOSSES OF BEAN CULTIVARS     DANIEL SOARES ALVES1; PABLO RICARDO NITSCHE1; VANIA MODA CIRINO2; MARIA BRIGIDA DOS SANTOS SCHOLZ1; JOSÉ DOS SANTOS NETO2 E PAULO HENRIQUE CARAMORI1   1 Área de Agrometeorologia, Ecofisiologia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná IAPAR – EMATER, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, 375, Conjunto Ernani Moura Lima II, 86.047 – 902, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. danielsoares@idr.pr.gov.br; pablo.nitsche@idr.pr.gov.br; mbscholz@iapar.br; pcaramori@gmail.com 2 Área de Melhoramento e Propagação Vegetal, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná IAPAR – EMATER, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, 375, Conjunto Ernani Moura Lima II, 86.047 – 902, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil.  vamoci@idr.pr.gov.br ; js.neto@idr.pr.gov.br     1 ABSTRACT   Reflectance measurements can indicate the physiological quality of plants and contribute to the correct differentiation of cultivars. Here, we studied the spectral responses at wavelengths of 410–810 nm of four common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars subjected to water stress in the flowering stage at the Rural Development Institute of Paraná in Londrina, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The reflectance values presented differences among the water regimes treatments at the wavelengths studied. For plants without water stress, it was possible to distinguish between IPR Andorinha and IPR Colibri cultivars using wavelengths of 460 and 760 nm, respectively. With a wavelength of 810 nm, there was a differentiation among IPR Andorinha (reflectance of 25.13%), IAC Imperador (23.51%), and IPR Colibri (21.92%) cultivars; however, the latter was not significantly different from the IPR Curió (22.26%) cultivar. The highest correlations with yield (R2 > 0.90) occurred at wavelengths of 460, 510, 560, 610, and 710 nm. The water treatments increased the protein content only for IPR Andorinha cultivars. It is concluded that the spectral response correlates with productivity and makes it possible to identify the water status of bean cultivars. This demonstrates that remote sensing techniques can be used to identify water stress in this crop.   Keywords: irrigation, Phaseolus vulgaris, reflectance, drought.     ALVES, D. S.; NITSCHE, P. R.; CIRINO, V. M; SCHOLZ, M. B. S; NETO, J. D. S; CARAMORI, P. H. SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO PERMITE ESTIMAR O DÉFICIT HÍDRICO E PERDAS DE RENDIMENTO EM CULTIVARES DE FEIJÃO     2 RESUMO   Medidas de reflectância podem indicar a qualidade fisiológica das plantas e contribuir para a correta diferenciação de cultivares. Estudou-se a resposta espectral, nos comprimentos de onda (λ) de 410 a 810 nm, em quatro cultivares de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) submetidas ao déficit hídrico no florescimento, no Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná, em Londrina – PR. A reflectância foi distinta entre os regimes hídricos em todos os comprimentos de onda (λ). Nos tratamentos sem déficit hídrico foi possível diferenciar as cultivares IPR Andorinha e IPR Colibri com λ de 460 nm e 760 nm, respectivamente. Com λ de 810 nm, houve diferenciação entre as cultivares IPR Andorinha (reflectância de 25,13%), IAC Imperador (23,51%) e IPR Colibri (21,92%), esta última sem diferença significativa com a cultivar IPR Curió (22,26%). As maiores correlações com a produtividade (R2 > 0,90) ocorreram com λ de 460, 510, 560, 610 e 710nm. Os tratamentos hídricos promoveram aumento no teor de proteína apenas para a cultivar IPR Andorinha. Conclui-se que a resposta espectral se correlaciona com a produtividade e possibilita identificar o status hídrico de cultivares de feijão. Isto permite o uso das técnicas de sensoriamento remoto como ferramenta auxiliar na identificação de estresse hídrico na cultura.   Palavras-chave: irrigação, Phaseolus vulgaris, reflectância, seca.

This study aimed to evaluate phosphorus (P) acquisition and use efficiency in bean cultivars of the “Carioca” and “Preto” commercial groups in nutrient solution. Six cultivars of the “Carioca” group (“Pérola,” “IPR Siriri,” “IPR Eldorado,” “BAT 477,” “Campeão 2,” and “Aporé”) and 7 cultivars of the “Preto” group (“IPR,” “Uirapuru,” “IPR Graúna,” “IPR Tiziu,” “IPR Tuiuiú,” “FT Soberano,” “BRS Esplendor,” and “BRS Supremo”) were evaluated at 2 levels of phosphorus (6.25 and 25.02 μM L-1). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and arranged in a completely randomized factorial design with 6 replicates, and the dry weights of the shoots (fractioned into the dry weights of the stems, leaves, pods, and beans) and roots were evaluated at physiological maturity. Phosphorous content was determined in these vegetative structures using an atomic emission spectrophotometer, and indices of P absorption, translocation and use efficiency were then quantified. Statistically significant diferences were observed in all P absorption and use efficiency indices for the “Preto” group cultivars whereas in the “Carioca” group, only the P absorption and translocation indices showed significant differences. The “IPR Eldorado” and “IPR Graúna” cultivars stood out for P absorption and translocation efficiency while the “IPR Uirapuru” and “IPR Tiziu” cultivars stood out for P use efficiency. These cultivars have the potential for use in future bean genetic improvement programs aimed at reducing phosphate fertilizer use and production costs.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract