In Romania, as in most European countries, there is a tendency of demographic aging. This trend is based on two essential causes: a constant increase in life expectancy at birth and a decrease in birth rates. The demographic aging phenomenon has both direct and indirect consequences on the short-, medium-and long-term economic and social life of economic growth. The process of replacing generations in active working groups with those under the age of 24 will be affected as a result of demographic imbalances. Increasing the share of the elderly population will directly lead to increased economic pressure on people in active age groups. The question is, "Can the reduction in the share of the active population in the total population be offset by a corresponding increase in productivity?" If such compensation is not feasible, the likelihood of imbalances in the long run is relatively high. These imbalances are not only of an economic nature but can affect well-being in all its aspects.
Since the economic development ceased to represent by itself the main issue in achieving human well-being—at least for western societies—scientists have discovered that the sustainability may represent an even more significant threat for human civilisation in a fundamental sense, almost irrespective of material wealth. Sustainability assumes that the economic development is deployed in compliance with the other facets of human demand for well-being: preservation of biodiversity and climate, the human rights, the integrate approach of distributional justice, etc. Evaluation of development sustainability represents a real scientific challenge, proved by the wide variety of indicators in existing national and international sets. The Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) are the practical tool that address the balance between the development and sustainability, ensures evaluation and translation of knowledge into meaningful and manageable units of information to support analyses and research, and to inform planning and decision-making. There are pointed out the fundamentals of SDIs design and theoretic specific frameworks. As the majority of indicators are applicable straightforward, the main focus in presentation is upon the calculation algorithm of aggregate SDIs. In this respect, the chapter comprises the estimation algorithm of capital components of wealth; also, there are introduced the human life quality and environmental indicators, that can represent a suitable complement of wealth measurement, for a comprehensive development in agreement with the surrounding nature, society, and respect for future generations.
Levels of self-reported job satisfaction and motivation were measured by survey in a sample of 286 teachers. Using the discrete choice framework, the paper tries to assess the relevance of the considered indicators (demographic, social, motivational) in overall teaching work satisfaction. The findings provide evidence that job satisfaction is correlated significantly with level of university degree held by the teacher, type of secondary school where the teacher is enrolled, revenues, and salary-tasks adequacy. This is important for the Romanian economy, since the education system is expected to provide future human resources with enhanced skills and abilities.
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