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The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of a highly interconnected porous microstructure on the quality of rehydrated tomatoes by (a) designing a freeze-dried cycle that ensure product integrity (i.e., no collapse, no puffing) (b) characterizing both freeze-drying and rehydration kinetics. Fresh tomatoes were first freeze-dried and subsequently rehydrated to get generate kinetics data. Afterwards, six thin-layer drying models and four rehydration models were fitted using regression analysis to the experimental data.The goodness-of-fit was evaluated according to root mean squared error, adjusted R 2 , Akaike information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion. The most accurate representations of the system kinetics were observed using the Page model for freezedrying and the exponential and Weibull models for rehydration. Rehydration capacities and equilibrium moisture contents of the rehydrated samples were found to increase with temperature, and the corresponding activation energy values were calculated. Practical applicationsFreeze-dried porous microstructures can enhance water absorption and transport, contributing to restore the fresh product functional properties and leading to higher quality rehydrated products, especially in highly heat-sensitive food products as vegetables and fruits. The use of mathematical models to (a) design freeze-drying cycles and (b) characterize and/or predict drying and rehydration kinetics in cellular freezedried microstructures is then key for processing and optimization of convenience and ready-to-eat foods, which represents the main application of dried foods/powders and also a growing market. This approach to the manufacture of freeze-dried products also presents potential to set the basis of an alternative decentralized supply scenario for high-quality dried products, where freeze-dried foods will be manufactured and shipped and finally rehydrated closer to the consumption point.

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The poor solubility of curcumin (CURC) in aqueous media leads to a low bioavailability, which prevents its application in pharmaceutical formulations. In this work, the Supercritical Antisolvent process (SAS) was used to produce coprecipitates of CURC and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) from mixtures of ethanol and acetone. The effects of operating parameters: pressure, temperature, solution concentration, drug/polymer mass ratio and solution flow rate were analysed for a 70-30 (v/v) acetone-ethanol mixture. It was found that the composition of acetone in the solvent mixture is the parameter that affects particle size and curcumin recovery the most. The thermal behaviour, crystallinity, molecular interactions, apparent solubility, release profile of the coprecipitates and possible degradation of curcumin were investigated. The results showed that the SAS process is effective in preparing amorphous formulations of CURC/PVP with an apparent solubility of more than 600 times higher than that of the physical mixture of the raw compounds.

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