The study deals with educational activity as the basis for solving the problems of contemporary education in the context of globalisation. Our research methodology is a social and philosophical analysis of educational activity problems. We attract attention to the existing contradictions between rationality and morality, virtuality and reality, transnational globalism and national cultures, all of which lead to conflicts and crises. Changes in the specifics of social development requires actualising the consolidating function of educational activity, fighting the dominance of mass culture, the reasons behind terrorism, environmental disasters and other global problems. We specify those properties of educational activity that ensure optimum interaction of all components of social development and stability of the social and natural system consisting of educational activity, the individual and social being. We validate the necessity of transforming educational activity into any other activity that deals with transferring knowledge and forming specific skills and abilities and transforms a standard type of activity into an individual activity style that consolidates the society. Transformation of educational activity into economic, political, environmental, scientific and other types of activity consolidates the society in the context of globalisation and ensures stable development on the global scale.
This paper evaluates moral and spiritual values as a foundation for solving problems of modern education and other social systems in a globalizing world. The research methodology is represented by socio-philosophical analysis of forming moral and spiritual values through educational activity. The attention is accentuated on the axiological foundation of educational systems which transforms into moral and spiritual values of the society and an individual, and represents a systemic factor uniting agents of interactions in their mastering of social space. Moral and spiritual values as a spiritual centerpiece of the society set the development vector for the patterns of modern government and public life, and determine particularities of social systems functioning. They manifest themselves in the necessity of learning and mastering of social habits by an individual, and in search for the meaning of life. The supreme value of social systems is represented by a social ideal determining the development vector of modern society and serving as a spiritual bond for the multinational Russian state. Main areas of forming moral and spiritual values in social systems are science, morality and ethics, art, religion and philosophy. The study establishes the need for their fusion into educational system through adoption of social and cultural experience of various generations. By mutual interaction moral and spiritual values do not appear in pure form but combine into systems and structures. Transformation of moral and spiritual values of the educational system into economic, political, ecological, scientific and other activities consolidates the society in the globalizing world and maintains sustainable development on the global level.
The notion of environment, relative to the category of system, includes not only the external environment (surrounding), but also the internal environment (context) of the system. However, the notion of internal environment in the system theories, social and ecological sciences is comprehended ambiguously or is lacking completely. The article provides comparative analysis of various internal environment conceptions as well as its correlation with the system and the external environment and justifies the inconsistency of identifying the internal environment with the composition of elements or with the relationship between the system constituents. The authors suggest their interpretation of the notion "internal environment (context)" as the substance of its elements, properties and relationship as well as the processes taking place outside the control of the system. We consider the content and essence of the notion "context" with regard to the social, natural and socio-natural systems, special peculiar features of the ecology of these systems, its environmental and contextual aspects. The ecology of the social and socio-natural systems external environment includes the relationship between the person and the society with natural and artificial environment and the issues of people's physical health. The state of the internal environment of these systems constitutes the subject of psychic ecologycare about spiritual life and human mental health, preservation of historical and cultural memory of the system, its subjectivity and ability to autopoiesis. The unity of the environmental and contextual approaches in ecology is particularly important amidst the crisis of the global socio-natural system.
Аннотация. Цель работы-исследовать системный подход в его ценностном аспекте в качестве основы изучения социальных систем в целом и научно-образовательных систем в частности. В качестве философско-методологической платформы для понимания ценностного основания субъектов научно-образовательной деятельности и трансформации в социальные системы рассмотрены системный, диалогический подходы. Акцентируется внимание на системном подходе, который позволяет смоделировать взаимодействие субъектов научно-образовательной деятельности в социальных системах, выявить природу и определить тенденции становления ценностного основания социальной реальности. Подчёркивается, что диалогический подход предполагает диалогическое взаимодействие как тип ценностного отношения субъектов образовательной деятельности, определяет пути устойчивого развития общества, актуализирует ценностное основание в социальных системах. Обосновывается необходимость исследования социальных систем и субъектов взаимодействия в социальном пространстве с точки зрения трансформации ценностного основания в социальную реальность. Авторы приходят к выводу, что методологические подходы-системный и диалогический-выступают как совокупность условий и методов, целенаправленно активизирующих процесс духовно-нравственного развития субъектов взаимодействия, и определяют ценностно-нормативные требования социальных отношений. Ключевые слова: системный подход, субъекты взаимодействия, ценностное основание, научно-образовательная деятельность, социальные системы, диалогический подход, научно-образовательная система, диалогическое взаимодействие.
The article deals with the value basis as a factor of the social systems stability. The systemic, dialogical approaches are considered as a philosophical and methodological platform for understanding the value basis of subjects of educational activity and transformation into social systems. Attention is focused on a systems approach that allows people to simulate the interaction of subjects of educational activities in social systems, to identify nature and to determine trends in the formation of the social reality value basis. It is emphasized that the dialogic approach supposes dialogic interaction as a type of value relation of subjects of educational activities, determines the ways of sustainable society development, actualizes the value basis in social systems. The necessity of the study of social systems and subjects of interaction in the social space from the point of view of transforming the value basis into social reality is substantiated. The authors conclude that the systematic and dialogical methodological approaches act as a system of conditions and methods, purposefully activating the process of spiritual and moral development of the subjects of interaction, and determine the value-normative requirements of social relations.
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