The effects of high-intensity progressive resistance training (HIPRT) on cardiovascular function and autonomic neural regulation in older adults are unclear. To investigate this issue, 25 older adults were randomly divided into two groups: control (CON, N = 13, 63 ± 4 years; no training) and HIPRT (N = 12, 64 ± 4 years; 2 sessions/week, 7 exercises, 2–4 sets, 10–4 RM). Before and after four months, maximal strength, quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA), clinic and ambulatory blood pressures (BP), systemic hemodynamics, and cardiovascular autonomic modulation were measured. Maximal strength and QCSA increased in the HIPRT group and did not change in the CON group. Clinic and ambulatory BP, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac sympathovagal balance did not change in the HIPRT group or the CON group. In conclusion, HIPRT was effective at increasing muscle mass and strength without promoting changes in cardiovascular function or autonomic neural regulation.
For the first time in the medical literature, we detected sympathetic impairment during the active tilt test in chronic Chagas patients treated with benznidazole. This finding may be partially explained by benznidazole neurotoxicity.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) decreases arterial baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (ABRMSNA). And, the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exacerbates this autonomic dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that exercise training and hypocaloric diet (ET+D) would restore ABRMSNA in patients with MetS and OSA. Forty‐four MetS patients were allocated into four groups: Sedentary with OSA (MetS+OSA Sed, n=10) or without OSA (MetS‐OSA Sed, n=10), and ET+D with OSA (MetS+OSA ET+D, n=11) or without OSA (MetS‐OSA ET+D, n=13). The ET+D groups were submitted to −500 kcal/day and 40 min bicycle exercise for 4‐months. OSA was deferred as apnea‐hypopnea index>;15 events/hour. MSNA (microneurography), blood pressure (beat‐to‐beat, noninvasive) and spontaneous ABRMSNA (gain, sensitivity and time delay, latency) were evaluated. ET+D decreased MSNA (P<0.05) and increased ABRMSNA gain in both MetS+OSA (13±1 vs. 24±2 ms/mmHg, P=0.01) and MetS‐OSA (27±3 vs. 37±3ms/mmHg, P=0.03) groups. The time delay of ABRMSNA was reduced by ET+D only in MetS+OSA group (4.1±0.2 vs. 2.8±0.3 s, P=0.04). No changes were observed in the sedentary groups. In conclusion, the ET+D improve ABRMSNA sensitivity in patients with MetS regardless of OSA. However, this effect of ET+D is more pronounced in patients with MetS+OSA.Support: CNPq and FAPESP#2011/17533–6
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