Descriptions ofT , JA447 and JA490) of red to reddish brown pigmented, rod-shaped, motile and budding phototrophic bacteria were isolated from soil and freshwater sediment samples from different geographical regions of India. All strains contained bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series. The major cellular fatty acid of strains JA310 T and JA531 T was C 18 : 1 v7c, the quinone was Q-10 and polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, an aminohopanoid and an unidentified aminolipid. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all strains clustered with species of the genus Rhodopseudomonas in the class Alphaproteobacteria. Strains JA531 T , JA447 and JA490 were genotypically (.80 % related based on DNA-DNA hybridization) and phenotypically closely related to each other and the three strains were distinct from strain JA310 T (33 % related). Furthermore, all four strains had less than 48 % relatedness (DNA-DNA hybridization) with type strains of members of the genus Rhodopseudomonas, i.e. Rhodopseudomonas palustris ATCC 17001 T
DNA-DNA relatedness with NMBHI-10 T and BLPYG-7, respectively), but belong to the same species (DNA-DNA relatedness of 80.9 % between the isolates). According to DNA-DNA hybridization results, the coccoid strains belong to the same genospecies, and neither is related to any of the recognized species of the genus Megasphaera. Strains NMBHI-10 T and BLPYG-7 grew in PYG broth at temperatures of between 15 and 40 6C (optimum 37 6C), but not at 45 6C.The strains utilized a range of carbohydrates as sources of carbon and energy including glucose, lactose, cellobiose, rhamnose, galactose and sucrose. Glucose fermentation resulted in the formation of volatile fatty acids, mainly caproic acid and organic acids such as succinic acid. Phylogenetic analysis, specific phenotypic characteristics and/or DNA G+C content also differentiated the strains from each other and from their closest relatives. The DNA G+C contents of strains NMBHI-10 T and BLPYG-7 are 57.7 and 54.9 mol%, respectively. The major fatty acids were 12 : 0 FAME and 17 : 0 CYC FAME. On the basis of these data, we conclude that strains NMBHI-10 T and BLPYG-7 should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Megasphaera, for which the name Megsphaera indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NMBHI-10 T (5DSM 25563 T 5MCC 2481 T ).The genus Megasphaera belongs to the family Veillonellaceae, sub-branch Sporomusa, class Clostridia, phylum Firmicutes and comprises Gram-stain-negative, obligately anaerobic bacteria (Marchandin et al., 2009). At the time of writing, only five species of the genus Megasphaera have been described (Rogosa 1971;Rainey 2009). The type species Megasphaera elsdenii (Marchandin et al., 2009) is a normal inhabitant of the rumen of cattle and sheep and is also found in the faeces and intestine of humans and pigs (Gutierrez et al., 1959; Sugihara et al., 1974; Hino et al., 1994; Hashizume et al., 2003;Gill et al., 2006;Marchandin et al., 2009;Faith et al., 2013), it also produces hydrogen (Ohnishi et al., 2010). Megasphaera cerevisiae, Megasphaera paucivorans, and Megasphaera sueciensis are breweryassociated species (Engelmann & Weiss, 1985;Juvonen & Suihko, 2006), while Megasphaera micronuciformis was recovered from a human liver abscess and a pus sample (Marchandin et al., 2003).In the present study two strains, designated NMBHI-10 T and BLPYG-7, belonging to the genus Megasphaera have been characterized. Detailed taxonomic analysis indicated that these strains represent a novel species of the genus Megasphaera.Strain NMBHI-10 T was isolated (from the faeces of a healthy 26-year-old male residing in Pune, India) on peptone-yeast extract-glucose (PYG) agar (Holdeman & Moore, 1977) at 37 u C after 48 h in an anaerobic chamber (Anaerobic system Abbreviations: TCD, thermal conductivity detector; VFA, volatile fatty acids; FID, Flame ionisation detector.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains T and BLPYG-7 are HM990965 and HM990964, respectively.Two supplementary tables are availa...
Strain JA430(T) is a Gram-negative, vibrioid to spiral shaped phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium isolated from anoxic sediment of a saltern at Kanyakumari in a mineral salts medium that contained 2% NaCl (w/v). Strain JA430(T) grows optimally at 5-6% NaCl and tolerates up to 12% NaCl. Intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the lamellar type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series are present as photosynthetic pigments. Major cellular fatty acids are C(18:1)ω7c, C(16:0), C(19:0)cycloω8c and C(16:1)ω7c/C(16:1)ω6c. Strain JA430(T) exhibits photoorganoheterotrophy and chemoorganoheterotrophy and requires para-aminobenzoic acid, pantothenate and pyridoxal phosphate for growth. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain JA430(T) forms monophyletic group in the genus Ectothiorhodospira. The highest sequence similarity for strain JA430(T) was found with the type strains of Ectothiorhodospira variabilis DSM 21381(T) (96.1%) and Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila ATCC 51935(T) (96.2%). Morphological and physiological characteristics discriminate strain JA430(T) from other species of the genus Ectothiorhodospira, for which we describe this as a novel species, Ectothiorhodospira salini sp. nov. ( = NBRC 105915(T) = KCTC 5805(T)).
Two strains of phototrophic, purple non-sulfur bacteria capable of growing at low temperatures (5 6C) were isolated from the Himalayas. The two strains showed positive phototaxis and grew over a relatively wide temperature range (5-40 6C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA194T clustered with members of the genus Rhodobacter. ) is sufficiently different from other Rhodobacter species to merit its description as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Rhodobacter megalophilus sp. nov. is proposed.The genus Rhodobacter includes both motile and nonmotile species. Motile species of the genus have a single polar flagellum and those that lack flagellar motility include Rhodobacter veldkampii (Imhoff, 2005), Rba. vinaykumarii (Srinivas et al., 2007c), Rba. changlensis and Rba. ovatus (Srinivas et al., 2008). Rba. changlensis, a phototrophic bacterium from the Indian Himalayan region, was recently described by our group . In the present communication, we propose a novel species of this genus isolated from the Indian Himalayas, which has properties distinct from all other Rhodobacter species based on phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. Strain JA194T was isolated from a soil sample collected from Suraj tal near Sarchu [34u 179 N 77 u 589 E, 11 975 feet (3650 m) above sea level], in the Indian Himalayas. Strain JA247 was isolated from a soil sample collected from an army camp located at Kargil, Ladakh [34u 179 N 77 u 559 E, 18 050 feet (5502 m) above sea level], in the Himalayas. Purification of the strains and polyphasic study for their taxonomic characterization were performed as described by Srinivas et al. (2007a). For dendrogram construction, sequences were aligned by using the program CLUSTAL_X (Thompson et al., 1997) and the alignment was corrected manually. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by using the PHYLIP package, version 3.5 (Felsenstein, 1993). The evolutionary distance matrix was calculated according to the distance model of Jukes & Cantor (1969). The evolutionary tree was constructed by using the neighbour-joining method (Saitou & Nei, 1987) and the resultant tree topologies were evaluated by bootstrap analysis based on 100 resamplings via the SEQBOOT and CONSENSE programs in the PHYLIP package.For metabolome fingerprinting, exponentially growing photoheterotrophic cultures were harvested by centrifugation (15 000 r.p.m. for 15 min for reference strain Rba. sphaeroides DSM 158 T ; 35 000 r.p.m. for 30 min for strains JA194T and JA247) and the resultant pellets were washed Abbreviation: FT-IR, Fourier transform infrared.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains JA194 T and JA247 are AM421024 and AM421806, respectively. Phase-contrast micrographs of cells of strain JA194T and FT-IR fingerprint analysis of the endometabolome and lipids of strain JA194 T and Rba. sphaeroides DSM 158 T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.