Exploiting the synergistic antibacterial behavior of Ag and Cu nanoparticles in self-defending implants.

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Autothermal gasification of lignin-rich residues was carried out to evaluate the performances of a pilot plant with a feeding rate of 20−30 kg h −1 of feedstock. The facility was based on an updraft gasifier and a gas cleaning train composed of a biodiesel scrubber and coalescence filters. The tests were performed with solid residues of ethanol production starting from straws or canes. Air at a low equivalence ratio was used as gasification medium. The autothermal processing and the lignin-rich feedstock made it possible to highlight a sequence of exothermic and endothermic reactions by measuring the heating rates along the reactive bed. The CO 2 production was proportional to the ash content. The average production of raw syngas was 1.94 kg per kg of dry residue, of which H 2 and CO were 27.2 and 696 g, respectively. The efficiency of energy conversion from solid to cold gas was 64% and reached about 81% including the contribution of the condensable organic fraction.