41 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 15 healthy women of reproductive age were examined to evaluate ovarian aromatase activity. Aromatase activity was determined by the decrease of estradiol level after peroral intake of aromatase inhibitor letrosol. To examine aromatase activity of antral follicle (∆E2) was divided on the blood level of antimullerian hormone (AMH), which is corresponded to the number of antral follicles. Significant variations of aromatase activity of antral follicles in patients with PCOS were determined: in 34.1 % of women it was within physiological ranges, in 48.8 % of women it was decreased and in 17.1 % of women it was increased. Aromatase activity of antral follicles in patients with PCOS correlated with blood levels of estradiol (r = 0.67), estron (r = 0.27), free testosterone(r = 0.43), androstendion (r = 0.34) and body mass index (r = 0.30). Aromatase activity had reverse correlation with number of antral follicles. Athors suggest that the sensitivity of the ovaries to gonadotropinic stimulation is decreased in patients with PCOS and low aromatase activity.
В связи с ростом заболеваемости сахарным диабетом (СД) в последние годы увеличилось число женщин репродуктивного возраста, страдающих этим заболеванием. Более 40 лет известно о негативном влиянии гипергликемии на рост и формирование плода, течение и исходы беременности [1-4]. Как хроническая, так и эпизодическая гипергликемия у матери приводит к формированию гиперинсулинемии у плода-основной причины формирования диабетической фетопатии. Для улучшения течения и исхода беременности у женщин с СД необходимо дости-жение содержания глюкозы в крови, соответствующего физиологической беременности. С целью уточнения гликемического профиля при физиологической беременности был проведен метаанализ, включающий 12 крупных исследований профиля глюкозы при физиологической беременности [5]. По результатам анализа, максимальная концентрация глюкозы после приема пищи во время беременности наступает на 69,4±23,9-й минуте. Средний уровень гликемии натощак составил 3,9±0,4 ммоль/л, через 1 ч после приема пищи-6,1±0,7 ммоль/л, через 2 ч
According to recent year studies, the classical biguanide metformin has antiproliferative, proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects in addition to the main hypoglycemic effect. There are clinical and experimental studies these effects in the therapy of oncological and benign hyperplastic diseases. There is no data about the clinical efficacy of metformin in the therapy of endometriosis in the domestic literature, and there were a few studies in foreign sources. There was a decrease in the severity of the pain syndrome and an increase of pregnancy rate in two clinical studies with small samples. However, future studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms of the target drug effect and to develop effective regimens for the treatment of endometriosis.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common form of normogonadotropic ovarian insufficiency, hyperandrogenaemy and anovulation sterility. One of the probable causes of this disease is disturbance of folliculogenesis, which is accompanied by overproduction of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) by ovarian tissue. There is a literature review about structure, biological properties and the role of AMH in pathogenesis of PCOS in this article.
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