The paper deals with a non-destructive method of detecting hydrogenated sections of pipelines, which is based on variations of the level of mechanical stresses generated in the surface layers of the steel pipe material during its hydrogenation. The use of a magnetoanisotropic method based on the phenomenon of metal magnetoelastic anisotropy development, which consists in the variation of the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials in direction and magnitude under the influence of mechanical stresses, is proposed as a way to register that variation. Based on the results of tensile testing of carbon steel plates with measurement of the difference in principal mechanical stresses (DPMS) occurring in metal, as well as experiments on electrolytic hydrogenation of specimens with measurement of the DPMS signal, it was confirmed that when steel structures are saturated with hydrogen, tensile stresses are generated in the surface layers, the magnitude of which increases as the concentration of hydrogen increases in the metal. In this case, it is assumed that the indicated dependence between the hydrogen concentration in the metal and the stresses arising as a result of hydrogenation is linear. For the example of lamellar specimens made of pipe low-carbon steel, the possibility of using the magnetoanisotropic method for registering sections of underground pipelines with a high content of hydrogen is substantiated, which can become the basis for a method of diagnosing sections of pipelines with broken insulation for the possibility of their further operation. The scientific novelty of this article is the establishment of a relationship between the hydrogen content in the metal, the stresses that arise in this case, and the change in the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials, characterized by the magnitude of the DPMS signal. This study contributes to the understanding of the process of hydrogenation of metals, and may be useful in detecting and preventing damage to gas and oil pipelines caused by hydrogen embrittlement as a cause of stress corrosion.

The technological operation of bending is widely used in the manufacture of various parts — both rod parts, for example, springs of various types, and shell parts, for example, shells and bottoms of petrochemical apparatuses, ship hulls, automobiles, etc. The maximum plastic strains that arise in this case vary over a wide range and can reach quite large values, significantly exceeding the elastic strains. Regardless of the maximum deformation levels, residual stresses occur in the product, affecting its performance. The study of free three-point bending of a workpiece with a rectangular cross section was carried out at different ratios of the radius of the punch contacting cylindrical surface to the height of the workpiece as well as at different ratios of the width to the height of the workpiece. The workpiece material is low-carbon steel with a real (not approximated) deformation diagram. Stress state, cross-sectional shape change and residual stresses are numerically investigated using the finite element method.