Effects of new wound dressing bacterial cellulose impregnated with SOD and poviargol (Procel-Super and Procel-PA) and Inerpan hydrogel dressing on the reparative processes in deep dermal burns (IIIa-IIIb degree) in rats exposed to total even irradiation in a dose of 4 Gy were studied. Inerpan and Procel-Super dressings proved to be the most effective under these conditions: they accelerated healing of burn wounds by 17.0 and 5.5%, respectively.
A review of the complex of health protection and medical measures ensuring the prevention of deterministic and reducing the probability of stochastic effects of irradiation during radiation accidents is presented. It is shown that the most effective methods of ensuring radiation safety at radiation accidents are protection by time, protection by distance and shielding of the irradiated object. Medical means of anti-radiation protection are used in addition to collective and individual technical means when it is impossible to avoid over-standard radiation exposure. Classification of antiradiation medicines, including radioprotectors, means for stimulating the radioresistance of the organism, means for preventing and stopping the primary reaction to irradiation, means for preventing and treating injures from irradiation by incorporated radionuclides, means for treating acute bone marrow syndrome, and means for treating local radiation injures of the skin and mucous are given. The list of medical means of antiradiation protection registered in the Russian Federation is presented. Characteristics of first-aid kits, medical bags, medical equipment kits, medical evacuation devices intended for the first aid and medical assistance in the outbreak of a radiation accident and at the stages of medical evacuation are given. The nomenclature of medicines and volumes of the reserve of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation intended for liquidation of consequences of emergency situations of radiation nature are given. It is concluded that the Russian Federation has developed and implemented a modern strategy to protect personnel, rescuers and the population in emergency situations of radiation nature, including organizational, technical, hygienic and medical measures in the outbreak of a radiation accident and at the stages of medical evacuation.
The effects of a synthetic analog of melatonin in doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg on the incidence of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells was studied in outbred rats exposed to single short-term γ-irradiation in doses of 2 and 4 Gy. Melatonin injected 30 min before the exposure 2-fold reduced the incidence of chromosome aberrations. Possible mechanisms of anticlastogenic effect of melatonin are discussed.
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