Citation: Poletajew S, Braticevici B, Brisuda A, Cauni V, Grygorenko V, Lesnyak M-Z, et al. Timing of radical cystectomy in Central Europe -multicenter study on factors influencing the time from diagnosis to radical treatment of bladder cancer patients. Cent European J Urol. 2015; 68: 9-14. Introduction Time that passes between an unfavourable diagnosis to a radical cystectomy (RC) affects oncological outcomes in patients with bladder cancer. Unsatisfactory survival of patients after RC in Central Europe can potentially result from this factor. Material and methods The aim of this study was to assess the time interval between transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) and RC in Central Europe and to identify clinical factors of possible delays. 941 consecutive patients who underwent RC in nine Central European urological centers were enrolled into the study. After the TURBT-RC time was calculated, selected clinical and pathological parameters were tested as potential factors influencing the timing of RC. Results On average, RCs were performed 73.8 days after TURBTs (median -53, range 0-1587). In 238 patients (25.3%) the time exceeded 12 weeks. Patients with muscle-invasive cancer were operated earlier on than patients with nonmuscle-invasive cancer (67.6 vs.105.2 days, RR = 1.41, p = 0.00). In high volume centers (>30 RC per year) longer TURBT-RC intervals were observed (97.6 vs. 66.3 days, RR = 2.49, p = 0.00). Simultaneously, factors such as female sex (RR = 1.21), more advanced age of patient (>65 years, RR = 1.23), presence of concomitant CIS (RR = 2.43), grade of cancer cells (RR = 1.67) and final post-RC stage (RR = 1.51) had no statistically significant effect on the results (p >0.05). Conclusions The mean time interval between the diagnosis and radical treatment of patients with bladder cancer in Central Europe is adequate. However, there are still a relatively high number of patients waiting for radical cystectomy longer than 8 weeks. A lower stage of disease as well as a higher case load within of a hospital may delay the surgery. Article history

Summary. Aim: To analyze the expression levels of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 in tumors of patients with renal cell carcinoma to determine whether they could be used as diagnostic markers. Materials and Methods: The relative expression of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 was compared in the paired samples of kidney tumor tissue and conventionally normal tissue adjacent to the tumor. Results: We found a significant decrease in miR-30c-5p and miR-138-1 levels in tumor tissues even in the cases of early stage cancer. In addition, miR-138-1 expression was lower in renal cell carcinoma Fuhrman grade G3 + G4 as compared to Fuhrman grade G2. However, we found no association between miR-30c-5p and miR-138-1 expression in the tumors and the major clinical and pathological characteristics of renal cell carcinoma patients. Conclusions: A significant reduction in the expression levels of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 in renal cell carcinoma indicates the feasibility of further studies on the probable diagnostic utility of these markers.

The detection of prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers in bodily fluids, a process known as liquid biopsy, is a promising approach and particularly beneficial when performed in urine samples due to their maximal non-invasiveness requirement of collection. A number of gene panels proposed for this purpose have allowed discrimination between disease-free prostate and PCa; however, they bear no significant prognostic value. With the purpose to develop a gene panel for PCa diagnosis and prognosis, the methylation status of 17 cancer-associated genes were analyzed in urine cell-free DNA obtained from 31 patients with PCa and 33 control individuals using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Among these, 13 genes indicated the increase in methylation frequency in patients with PCa compared with controls. No prior association has been reported between adenomatosis polyposis coli 2 (APC2), homeobox A9, Wnt family member 7A (WNT7A) and N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 4 protein genes with PCa. The 6-gene panel consisting of APC2, cadherin 1, forkhead box P1, leucine rich repeat containing 3B, WNT7A and zinc family protein of the cerebellum 4 was subsequently developed providing PCa detection with 78% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The number of genes methylated (NGM) value introduced for this panel was indicated to rise monotonically from 0.27 in control individuals to 4.6 and 4.25 in patients with highly developed and metastatic T 2 /T 3 stage cancer, respectively. Therefore, the approach of defining the NGM value may not only allow for the detection of PCa, but also provide a rough evaluation of tumor malignancy and metastatic potential by non-invasive MSP analysis of urine samples.

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