A scientific understanding of building a rational system of long-term training for footballers in Ukraine, as well as ways of its practical implementation, should rely on foreign experience in this field to be effective. The article aims to theoretically and methodologically justify foreign experience in building a rational system of long-term training for footballers. Each country demonstrates its options for solving this particular problem. The countries occupying leading positions in European football have well-established organizational and management systems for training and selection of athletes in the process of long-term improvement. In general, all of the above-mentioned countries use similar systems with their own specifics stemming from national traditions, economic and logistical conditions. Differences in the training of footballers from different countries are due to the different role and degree of participation of governmental, non-governmental and private structures.
The article analyzes the main forms and methods of professional training for future physical education teachers in Switzerland, the USA, Germany, Austria, Norway, and the UK. These countries have been chosen owing to their effective methodical systems. Both original sources and receptive experience of Ukrainian researchers have been taken into account. Therefore, the article aims to select innovative methodical tools that are not widely used in Ukraine. Importantly, the article adheres to a transformational and innovative approach to objectification and prediction of educational changes, as well as to comparative, summarizing and other theoretical methods. Consequently, it has become possible to identify innovative features of professional training for future physical education teachers in the above-mentioned countries and outline potential changes in Ukrainian education after borrowing relevant experience and implementing it within the traditional lecture-seminar system. Furthermore, the article addresses the problem of methodological diversity, as well as the prevalence of axiological approaches over those closely related to physical education and its methods. The international relevance of the article lies in summarizing innovative approaches used in different countries to forms and methods of professional training of future physical education teachers. It will allow one to comprehensively or selectively borrow this experience to improve education in the countries dealing with transformational changes.
The article presents aircraft flight data in the landing approach mode, which was obtained on an integrated flight simulator and in actual flight conditions, processed by various probabilistic-statistical methods. These data were used to assess the quality of flight crew piloting techniques. We have reviewed the methods based on the Neyman–Pearson criterion, and the optimal Bayesian criterion is considered. When using them, we revealed the presence of a deterministic sinusoidal component in the flight parameters. We also used the method of analyzing autocorrelation functions and the method of analyzing the spectra of flight parameters of normalized and unnormalized autocorrelation functions. In a comparative analysis of these methods, we have shown that the most informative approach is the analysis of the spectra of flight parameters of normalized and unnormalized autocorrelation functions. This paper shows that the successful completion of the landing stage largely depends on the accuracy of the aircraft entry to the glidepath intercept point.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.