The collective light scattering (CLS) principle and method are extended to the case of partial diffraction of light that is propagated through a transparent medium of inhomogenous density. The physical principles of this macroscopic scattering mechanism are presented. The scattered electromagnetic field is shown to be given by the spatial Fourier transform of the density fluctuations, evaluated at a wave vector defined by the optical geometry. For non-stationary media like fluids, the dynamic part of the detected signal is found to consist of two different components: a 'convection' pari formed by convected density fluctuations, and an 'acoustic' part due to propagating sound waves. Each of these parts results in different lines in the signal frequency spectrum. The 'convection' line is a Doppler transform of the mass velocity probability distribution. This is experimentally
The results of studies of the combined processing of alloys of the Al-Mg-Sc system with known rheological properties under various temperature-rate and deformation conditions are presented. A computer model of the combined machining process was created and the DEFORM 3D complex was used to analyze the metal flow, the distribution of the strain rate and the temperature of the metal over the cross section of the workpiece when receiving round bars of various diameters. The results of the research were used to develop the production technology of welding wire from alloys of the Al-Mg-Sc system.
The behaviour of fine-mesh vacuum phototetrodes and phototriodes (VPTs) in an axial magnetic field of (0 ÷ 4)T has been investigated. The measured VPT parameters are: fine-mesh cell dimensions, the photocathode sensitivity and its homogenity, the gain in zero and 4T magnetic field at tilt angles corresponding to the rapidity range of CMS ECAL Endcap 1.479 ÷ 3.0 and excess noise factor. Measurements have been performed on 21 and 30 mm diameter photodetectors with different fine-mesh structures: 30, 60 and 100 lines per mm under different types of photocathode illumination by green LED. Phototriodes with 30 or 60 lines per mm and an external diameter of 21 mm are found to be the best candidates for the CMS environment with the initial size of PWO crystals proposed to be used in the Endcap, by comparison with phototetrodes. They provide a gain of the order of 6 ÷ 8 in 4T magnetic field and an excess noise factor of 2 under full photocathode illumination.To be submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth.
Ключевые слова: асфальтобетонная смесь; модификация дорожного вяжущего; полимерно-битумное вяжущее; полиэтилен; термоэластопласт.Аннотация: Проведены исследования по модификации нефтяных битумов полимерными материалами. В целях улучшения качественных показателей полу-чаемого дорожного вяжущего. В качестве полимерных материалов использованы отходы полиэтилена и термоэластопласт ДСТ-30-01. Для улучшения адгезионных свойств получаемого полимерно-битумного вяжущего с минеральными наполни-телями использована адгезионная добавка «Амдор-10». Определен состав ком-плексного модификатора для нефтяных дорожных битумов, включающий термоэ-ластопласт, отходы полиэтилена и поверхностно-активную адгезионную добавку. Проведена оценка физико-механических показателей асфальтобетонной смеси, полученной с использованием полимерно-битумного вяжущего на основе разра-ботанного комплексного модификатора. Установлено, что введение в асфальтобе-тон полученного полимерно-битумного вяжущего способствует улучшению его физико-механических характеристик. Использование отходов термопласта обес-печивает снижение себестоимости полимерно-битумного вяжущего по сравнению с аналогами.В настоящее время важным объектом для Российской Федерации являются автомобильные дороги, так как они связывают обширную территорию страны, по ним осуществляют автомобильные пассажирские и грузовые перевозки. В Рос-сии в связи с большими сезонными перепадами температур, ежегодно возраста-ющей транспортной нагрузкой, низким качеством применяемых дорожных вя-жущих существуют серьезные проблемы с дорожным покрытием. Использование материалов с низкими эксплуатационными характеристиками в дорожном строи-тельстве приводит к тому, что на третий-четвертый годы эксплуатации большин-ству дорог требуется проведение капитального ремонта. При соблюдении техно-логии укладки низкая долговечность дорожных покрытий обусловлена каче-ственными показателями дорожного вяжущего, входящего в состав асфальтобе-тона. Поэтому повышение эксплуатационных показателей дорожных покрытий можно обеспечить улучшением качества дорожных вяжущих [1 -7].
The paper presents the study on mechanical and corrosion properties of rolled sheet products from a new alloy of the Al-Mg-Sc system in a deformed and heat treated state. Its use and development of technologies for the production of relevant parts for automobile and shipbuilding industries are important today due to the tasks of downstream aluminum processing, which are solved by RUSAL, and confirmed by the state support of a comprehensive project aimed at creating a high-technology production division, being currently carried out by the Bratsk Aluminium Smelter and Siberian Federal University. To determine mechanical and corrosion properties, the authors used sheets and coils rolled on industrial reversing hot rolling mill Quarto 2800. The tensile test was used to study deformed samples after rolling and samples produced in five heat treatment modes with varying heating temperatures of 300, 350 and 380°C and a soaking time of 1 and 3 hours. The studies on samples of rolled products with various thicknesses showed that as compared to the initial state, steel strength properties after heat treatment decrease by 12–20% on average, and ductility properties (δ) increase by 50–65%. In this case, heat treatment modes 1–3 give a fairly good ratio of strength and ductility properties. The level of these properties is comparable to the properties of alloy 01570. It is noted that a trend in a decrease in strength properties and a growth of ductile properties with increasing heat treatment temperature is also observed for samples of rolled products produced by various methods of cold rolling (cut-to-length sheets and in coils). If sheet thickness is similar, strength properties are higher, when sheets are cut-to-length rather than in coils. The corrosion tests of sheets with different thicknesses showed that the heat treatment modes under study do not have a significant influence on alloy resistance to intergranular corrosion.
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