This paper takes the stance that although there are many different approaches to phenomenological and hermeneutic research, some of these have become blurred due to multiple interpretations of translated materials. Working from original texts by the German philosophers, this paper reconsiders the relevance of phenomenology and hermeneutics to nursing research. We trace the development of Gadamer's philosophy in order to propose a research method based in this tradition. Five steps have been identified as a guide for nurse researchers. These are deciding upon a question, identification of preunderstandings, gaining understanding through dialogue with participants, gaining understanding through dialogue with text and establishing trustworthiness.
Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Während zu Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie der Bedarf an intensivpflegerischer Versorgung steigt, sind die spezifischen Versorgungsbedarfe der Patientinnen und Patienten noch weitgehend unbekannt. Dies ist eine Herausforderung für die Arbeit von Intensivpflegenden. Ziel: Das Ziel der Studie ist eine Darstellung von Wahrnehmung der Arbeitssituation von Pflegenden auf Intensivstationen und die Konsequenzen für die Versorgung der Patientinnen und Patienten. Methode: Die Studie ist ein qualitativer Survey. Mit einem webbasierten Fragebogen wurden Narrative von insgesamt n = 902 Pflegenden erhoben. Dieser Beitrag berichtet die Wahrnehmungen von n = 397 Pflegenden aus dem Intensivbereich. Die Auswertung erfolgt mit der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach 18-1Mayring (2015). Ergebnisse: Die Analyse der Daten zeigt folgende sechs Kategorien: von „Man merkt den Personalmangel extrem“ bis „Das Warten auf etwas“, „Kampf um PSA (Persönliche Schutzausrüstung)“, „lehrreiche Zeit“, „erhebliche Diskrepanz“ in der Versorgung der Patientinnen und Patienten, „Kompensationsversuche“ und „ständig ein ungutes Gefühl“. Die Spannung zwischen den Wissens- und Informationsdefiziten einerseits und andererseits dem professionellen Anspruch den Schwerkranken und ihren Angehörigen gerecht zu werden, bringt die Pflegenden an ihre professionelle Belastungsgrenze. Schlussfolgerung: Es müssen Bedingungen für ethische Auseinandersetzungen für klinische Versorgungsentscheidungen entwickelt und Konzeptionen für eine klare Autonomie- und Verantwortungszuschreibung für Intensivpflegende eingeführt werden.
Self-esteem is not typically associated with the nursing profession. However, the concept is indispensible for job satisfaction and good-quality patient care. Many healthcare systems are confronted with declining numbers of qualified nurses, and desperately seek suitable strategies to recruit and retain sufficient trainees and junior staff. This investigation examined self-esteem in 212 German nurses using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Nurses with an academic degree displayed a statistically significant higher level of self-esteem than nurses without academic education (P < 0.01). The type of professional training may therefore have a direct effect on the self-esteem, thus offering a myriad of potential benefits to both nurses and patients. Self-esteem is a quality relevant to this profession and, as such, the findings of research in this area should be reflected in the design of nurse training curricula.
An ageing population that is increasing does not necessarily mean an increase in people who require health and social care. However, it is predicted that a wide range of such services is likely to be needed. This demand is set against a shortage of skilled healthcare professionals and a lack of interest in working with older people. There is a particular shortage of skilled gerontological workers in the developed world, made worse by a perceived lack of professional esteem, economic reward and poor working environments in the specialism. Most studies recommend education to enable individuals to develop accurate knowledge about the ageing process and interest in working with older people. There is a discrepancy in the literature as to whether health and social care workers hold positive or negative attitudes towards older people. As attitudes are strongly linked with perceptions of working with older people, this article presents a review of the literature and discussion on attitudes of health and social care students to ageing and perceptions of working with older people.
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