The aim of this study was to compare time-motion indicators during judo matches performed by athletes from different age groups. The following age groups were analysed: Pre-Juvenile (13-14 years, n = 522), Juvenile (15-16 years, n = 353); Junior (19 years, n = 349) and Senior (>20 years, n = 587). The time-motion indicators included: Total Combat Time, Standing Combat Time, Displacement Without Contact, Gripping Time, Groundwork Combat Time and Pause Time. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) one-way and the Tukey test, as well as the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney (for non-parametric data), were conducted, using P < 0.05 as significance level. The results showed that all analysed groups obtained a median of 7 (first quantile - 3, third quantile - 12) sequences of combat/pause cycles. In total time of combat, the result was: for Total Combat Time, Standing Combat Time and Gripping Time: Pre-Juvenile and Senior were significantly longer than Juvenile and Junior. Considering Displacement Without Contact, Junior was significantly longer than all other age groups. For Groundwork Combat Time, Senior was significantly longer than all other age groups and Pre-Juvenile was longer than Junior. These results can be used to improve the physiological performance in intermittent practices, as well as technical-tactical training during judo sessions.

Chaabene, H, Negra, Y, Bouguezzi, R, Mkaouer, B, Franchini, E, Julio, U, and Hachana, Y. Physical and physiological profile of wrestler athletes: a short review. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1411-1442, 2017-Wrestling is one of the oldest combat sports, disputed since the ancient Greek Olympic Games. This combat sport discipline has caught the attention of scientists since 1943 which is the date that matches the appearance of the first scientific research dealing with wrestling. The current short review aimed to summarize and critically analyze the scientific literature related to wrestling's physical and physiological attributes and to provide practical recommendations for testing/training together with new perspective and areas of future scientific research. Regardless of sex and wrestling styles, an optimal level of cardiorespiratory fitness is important to help sustaining effort throughout the duration of the match and to stimulate the recovery process between periods. With regard to the anaerobic power and capacity, the available studies were in agreement about their critical importance toward reaching high-level wrestling success since these variables have discriminated well between successful and less-successful wrestlers regardless of age, weight classes, and wrestling styles. Physical fitness parameters such as maximal dynamic strength, isometric strength, explosive strength, and strength endurance are closely related to high-level wrestling performance. However, flexibility level seems not to be one of the key fitness variables that help to reach high-level wrestling success. Overall, to achieve high-level wrestling performance, training should be directed to develop anaerobic power and capacity, aerobic power, maximal dynamic and isometric strength, explosive strength, and strength endurance.

The aim of the study was to verify differences between age groups of female judo matches in time-motion and technical-tactical analysis. The sample was composed of pre-cadet (13-14 years, n = 148), cadet (15-16 years, n = 228), junior (17-19 years, n = 104) and senior (>20 years, n = 237) groups. The time-motion indicators consisted of total combat time, standing combat time, displacement without contact, gripping time, total time of techniques, groundwork combat time and pause time, per match and by each combat/pause cycle. Technical and tactical variables were also collected. The one-way analysis of variance and a post hoc test were conducted, P ≤ 0.05. Cadets, with a median of 7 (2, 12), had a number of combat/pause cycles different from junior, with 3 (1, 8.5). Regarding time-motion per match and per cycle, senior had longer total combat time, standing combat time and gripping time than other groups. Senior presented lower frequency of leg techniques than pre-cadet, cadet and junior. Time-motion and technical-tactical variables effects in female judo athletes emphasise the difference between seniors and other groups.

There is a predominance of the oxidative system to supply the energy cost of judo matches from the first minute of combat up to the end, compared with the anaerobic systems.

Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on lower- and upper-body graded exercise and high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE, four Wingate bouts) performance, and on physiological and muscle damage markers responses in judo athletes.Methods: Thirty-five subjects were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 8) or to one of the following HIIT groups (n = 9 for each) and tested pre- and post-four weeks (2 training d·wk−1): (1) lower-body cycle-ergometer; (2) upper-body cycle-ergometer; (3) uchi-komi (judo technique entrance). All HIIT were constituted by two blocks of 10 sets of 20 s of all out effort interspersed by 10 s set intervals and 5-min between blocks.Results: For the upper-body group there was an increase in maximal aerobic power in graded upper-body exercise test (12.3%). The lower-body group increased power at onset blood lactate in graded upper-body exercise test (22.1%). The uchi-komi group increased peak power in upper- (16.7%) and lower-body (8.5%), while the lower-body group increased lower-body mean power (14.2%) during the HIIE. There was a decrease in the delta blood lactate for the uchi-komi training group and in the third and fourth bouts for the upper-body training group. Training induced testosterone-cortisol ratio increased in the lower-body HIIE for the lower-body (14.9%) and uchi-komi (61.4%) training groups.Conclusion: Thus, short-duration low-volume HIIT added to regular judo training was able to increase upper-body aerobic power, lower- and upper-body HIIE performance.

No abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the physiological and performance responses with different judo techniques and time structure uchi-komi (technique entrance) protocols. Ten judo athletes (25 ± 6 years old, 73 ± 9 kg, 173 ± 5 cm, and 15 ± 6 years of judo experience) were submitted to 9 all-out uchi-komi sessions. Three techniques (o-uchi-gari, seoi-nage, and harai-goshi) and 3 different time structures (18 × 10 seconds/10 seconds, 9 × 20 seconds/20 seconds, and 6 × 30 seconds/30 seconds) were randomly assigned. Two-way and 3-way analyses of variance with repeated measurements and the Bonferroni test were used. The significance level was fixed at 5%. There was no effect of the time structure or the technique on the absolute energy expenditure (p > 0.05), which can be attributed to the all-out characteristic of the exercise. However, more repetitions were executed during the o-uchi-gari protocol (F = 19; p < 0.001; η = 0.32) compared with harai-goshi and seoi-nage (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Oxygen consumption differed over time during the activity (F = 767; p < 0.001; η = 0.904), with lower values during the first minute (32.51 ± 3.21 ml·kg·min) compared with the second (41.47 ± 4.20 ml·kg·min) and third minutes (42.96 ± 4.29 ml·kg·min), and lower values were recorded in the second minute compared with the third minute (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). There was also an effect of technique on the total energy expenditure per repetition (F = 6; p = 0.001; η = 0.128), with o-uchi-gari resulting in lower values compared to seoi-nage (p = 0.003), as the former technique does not involve torso rotation and knee flexion, while the latter technique does. These training protocols resulted in similar oxygen uptake and heart rate responses compared to match simulations, and they can be used to simulate the match demand.

a b s t r a c tObjective: Judo is a combat sport characterized by high-intensity intermittent efforts. To suit high competitive demand, the training periodization should be adopted to improve judo athletes performance. Thus, the objective of the present study was to monitor the changes in different variables during judo training periodization. Method: Ten male adult judo athletes were evaluated 18 weeks apart, in the beginning of preparatory period and one week before the main competition of the competitive period. During this observational study, the variables considered were: body composition, upper and lower-body anaerobic power and capacity, lower-body muscle power, upper and lower-body aerobic power, maximal and strength endurance, and judo specific performance. Paired Student's t test was used to compare variables across periods. Results: In the end of this period, athletes presented a significant increase in upper-body anaerobic power (pre = 535 ± 74 W; post = 617 ± 81 W; 15%) and capacity (pre = 344 ± 29 W; post = 402 ± 38 W; 17%), lower-body anaerobic power (pre = 778 ± 77 W; post = 882 ± 130 W; 13%), isometric (pre = 31 ± 17 s; post = 43 ± 15 s; 39%) and dynamic grip strength endurance (pre = 7 ± 5 rep; post = 11 ± 5 rep; 57%), upper-body aerobic power (pre = 113 ± 25 W; post = 122 ± 29 W; 8%), and row 1RM (pre = 85 ± 23 kg; post = 92 ± 26 kg; 8%). The body composition, judo specific performance, handgrip strength, bench-press 1RM, row and bench-press number of repetitions at 70% 1RM, and lower-body muscle power were maintained. Athletes presented a decrease in lower-body aerobic power (pre = 235 ± 62 W; post = 209 ± 43 W; 11%). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the changes during a periodized judo program were specific to the match demand, although not all variables improved across this period.Palabras clave: Artes marciales Ejercicio aeróbico Ejercicio de fuerza r e s u m e n Objetivo: El judo es un deporte de combate caracterizado por intervalos de esfuerzos de elevada intensidad. Para soportar la elevada demanda competitiva, la periodización del entrenamiento debe ser utilizada para mejorar el desempeño de los atletas de judo. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los cambios, en diferentes variables, durante la periodización del entrenamiento de judo. Método: Diez atletas de judo varones fueron evaluados con 18 semanas de intervalo, en el inicio del período preparatorio y una semana después de la principal competición del período competitivo. Durante este estudio observacional, las variables consideradas fueron: composición corporal, potencia y capacidad anaeróbica de miembros superiores e inferiores, potencia muscular de miembros inferiores, potencia aeróbica de miembros superiores e inferiores, fuerza máxima, resistencia de fuerza y la performance en un test específico para el judo. El test t de Student para datos pareados fue utilizado para comparar las variables durante el período de entrenamiento. BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses...