Specificity of performance adaptations to a periodized judo training program

Abstract

a b s t r a c tObjective: Judo is a combat sport characterized by high-intensity intermittent efforts. To suit high competitive demand, the training periodization should be adopted to improve judo athletes performance. Thus, the objective of the present study was to monitor the changes in different variables during judo training periodization. Method: Ten male adult judo athletes were evaluated 18 weeks apart, in the beginning of preparatory period and one week before the main competition of the competitive period. During this observational study, the variables considered were: body composition, upper and lower-body anaerobic power and capacity, lower-body muscle power, upper and lower-body aerobic power, maximal and strength endurance, and judo specific performance. Paired Student's t test was used to compare variables across periods. Results: In the end of this period, athletes presented a significant increase in upper-body anaerobic power (pre = 535 ± 74 W; post = 617 ± 81 W; 15%) and capacity (pre = 344 ± 29 W; post = 402 ± 38 W; 17%), lower-body anaerobic power (pre = 778 ± 77 W; post = 882 ± 130 W; 13%), isometric (pre = 31 ± 17 s; post = 43 ± 15 s; 39%) and dynamic grip strength endurance (pre = 7 ± 5 rep; post = 11 ± 5 rep; 57%), upper-body aerobic power (pre = 113 ± 25 W; post = 122 ± 29 W; 8%), and row 1RM (pre = 85 ± 23 kg; post = 92 ± 26 kg; 8%). The body composition, judo specific performance, handgrip strength, bench-press 1RM, row and bench-press number of repetitions at 70% 1RM, and lower-body muscle power were maintained. Athletes presented a decrease in lower-body aerobic power (pre = 235 ± 62 W; post = 209 ± 43 W; 11%). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the changes during a periodized judo program were specific to the match demand, although not all variables improved across this period.Palabras clave: Artes marciales Ejercicio aeróbico Ejercicio de fuerza r e s u m e n Objetivo: El judo es un deporte de combate caracterizado por intervalos de esfuerzos de elevada intensidad. Para soportar la elevada demanda competitiva, la periodización del entrenamiento debe ser utilizada para mejorar el desempeño de los atletas de judo. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los cambios, en diferentes variables, durante la periodización del entrenamiento de judo. Método: Diez atletas de judo varones fueron evaluados con 18 semanas de intervalo, en el inicio del período preparatorio y una semana después de la principal competición del período competitivo. Durante este estudio observacional, las variables consideradas fueron: composición corporal, potencia y capacidad anaeróbica de miembros superiores e inferiores, potencia muscular de miembros inferiores, potencia aeróbica de miembros superiores e inferiores, fuerza máxima, resistencia de fuerza y la performance en un test específico para el judo. El test t de Student para datos pareados fue utilizado para comparar las variables durante el período de entrenamiento. BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses...

Influência da gordura corporal no desempenho do salto com contramovimento em judocas de diferentes categorias de peso

“…Em esportes de combate, diversos estudos têm utilizado o desempenho no salto vertical com o intuito de verificar efeito de treinamento 21 , discriminar o nível competitivo [22][23] , sexo e categoria de peso 11,24 e como marcador de fadiga antes e após sequência de lutas [25][26][27][28] , como sintetizado na TABELA 4. Os valores de altura do salto obtido na presente investigação, considerando a média das categorias (45,4 ± 2,4 cm), é similar a alguns estudos 11,27 e superior aos demais [21][22]28 que analisaram esta variável para a mesma faixa etária e nível competitivo. Nenhum dos estudos analisados comparou o salto vertical entre categorias, considerando as variáveis antropométricas dos atletas.…”

“…Em outra perspectiva e sabendo da importância da avaliação do salto vertical para a inferência da potência muscular em atletas de judô, ressalta-se que instrumentos mais simples e com custos mais baixos em relação à plataforma força podem ser utilizados, como por exemplo, tapetes de contato 21,[24][25]28 e fitas métricas 35 . Além do salto vertical, o teste de salto horizontal também pode ser utilizado a fim de identificar efeitos de treinamento de potência ao longo da periodização 34 .…”

Manifestations of symmetry and asymmetry of the peak torque produced by the muscles responsible for rotational movements among Judo competitors, representatives of the National Teams of Poland and Belgium

“…Body alignment in this position is similar to the position assumed by competitors during throw performance. Thus, it seems justifiable to control strength potential for this position so as to be sure at which stage of preparation the competitor is, which, in consequence, can lead to an increased chance of winning the competition [18]. Peak torque symmetry may be a sort of warranty for performing techniques by the competitor, both to the right and left side, with equal strength [19].…”

A new approach to Special Judo Fitness Test index: Relative index

“…The total number of throws completed by the evaluated wrestler during each of the three sets was recorded; the evaluated wrestler's heart rate (HR) was measured immediately after and 1 min after the test (Polar Team 2 , Polar, Finland). The SJFT index was calculated according to the following equation (Sterkowicz, 1995 In many studies have used SJFT index values to evaluate performance (Franchini et al, 2015;Casals et al, 2017). Relative SJFT index value was calculated using the following equation:…”

“…In these studies, usually, they have assessed either on the same weight category athletes (Drid et al, 2015) or on studies including repeated measures of a sample (Franchini et al, 2015;Casals et al, 2017). Judo and wrestling are two sports with weight classification.…”