Aruk Sajingan Indonesia telah menghadapi tantangan tentang minimnya kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara, hal ini dikarenakan aruk termasuk pintu masuk darat yang hanya mendapatkan no urut keempat dari lima pintu masuk darat yang ada di Indonesia., sebagai upaya meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan manca negara melalui pintu masuk darat maka Indonesia melakukan diplomasi melalui program cross border tourism. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa implementasi diplomasi Indonesia berbasis program cross border tourism dalam meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara batas di wilayah border Aruk Sajingan Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat Indonesia. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara teknik observasi dan teknik dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian teranalisa Implementasi diplomasi Indonesia berbasis program cross border tourism dalam meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara di wilayah border Aruk Sajingan Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat Indonesia telah dilakukan oleh multi track diplomacy yaitu government; bussiness; dan private citizent. Implementasi diplomasi melalui government berlandaskan pada tiga tingkatan regulasi yaitu tingkatan lokal, nasional dan internasional. Lebih lanjut implementasi diplomasi melalui Bussines dilakukan oleh The Indonesian Tours and Travel Agencies (Asita) dan dioperasikannya pasar belampar yang berlokasi dekat dengan Pos Lintas Batas Negara (PLBN) Aruk Indonesia, Asita selaku pelaku bisnis telah mempromosikan daya tarik wisata yang dimiliki desa di Aruk Sajingan dan telah mengajak para wisatawan mancanegara untuk berbelanja di pasar belampar. Implementasi Diplomasi melalui private citizent dilakukan oleh komunitas Generasi Pesona Indonesia (GenPI) dan Generasi Wonderful Indonesia (GenWI) dengan menyebarkan potensi cross-border tourism melalui media digital. Dengan demikian multi track diplomacy telah menyebabkan wisatawan mancanegara tertarik berkunjung ke perbatasan Aruk Indonesia, hal tersebut menyebabkan meningkatnya sektor pariwisata lintas batas.
The Covid-19 pandemic has required many countries to implement social restrictions and lockdown policies to prevent the spread of the virus within their borders. Malaysia was one of the countries that went into lockdown, which affected the temporary suspension of various non-essential socio-economic activities. As an implication, Malaysia had to implement a policy of massively repatriating some migrant workers to their countries of origin, including Indonesian migrant workers or Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). The repatriation then became a challenge for the Indonesian Government, particularly in West Kalimantan, a province becoming the port of entry for PMI repatriation from Malaysia amidst the measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19. On the other hand, Malaysia’s measures are underway to protect PMI affected by Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors causing the non-optimal paradiplomacy carried out by the West Kalimantan Provincial Government in dealing with the consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak on PMI. Protection of PMI in Malaysia should be a concern, considering the lockdown policies implemented in Malaysia require synergistic efforts by both governments and organizations holding a fundamental role in protecting the rights of PMI. This study employed an exploratory method and a qualitative approach with interview techniques as the primary source of data and literature review as a secondary source of data. The analysis in this study refers to the efforts of paradiplomacy proposed by Nugrahaningsih (2015), stating the necessity for mutual priority, wider participation, and government commitment. The results of this study revealed that the non-optimal paradiplomacy of the protection of migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic was caused by: (1) The absence of shared priority between both of West Kalimantan and Sarawak Governments regarding the protection of PMI, (2) The lack of participation from NGOs and civil society, and (3) The lack of commitment of the West Kalimantan Government to optimize the protection of PMI through the cooperation with the Sarawak Government (Malaysia).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas implementasi rezim internasional dalam penggunaan kekerasan seksual sebagai strategi perang dalam konflik bersenjata di Tigray. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengambil sumber dari buku, jurnal, artikel online, dan situs internet melalui studi literatur. Berlandaskan teori efektivitas rezim internasional Arild Underdal dilengkapi konsep keamanan manusia ditemukan bahwa rezim internasional tidak efektif dalam menangani kekerasan seksual terkait konflik pada perempuan di Tigray. Berdasarkan pada analisis tiga variabel, yakni variabel terikat, variabel bebas, dan variabel intervensi yang menunjukkan adanya ketidakpatuhan negara anggotanya terhadap aturan rezim yang berkaitan sehingga pengoperasian rezim internasional dalam penanganan kasus tidak optimal, dan berdampak pada kegagalan rezim yang tidak mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan hingga saat ini.
Indonesia as a developing country certainly has an interest in capturing opportunities in the current era of globalization, one of which is foreign investment to develop tourism potential. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation in regional autonomy policy on foreign investment and border tourism development in Aruk, West Kalimantan. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that there is a correlation between regional autonomy policy, increased attractiveness of foreign investors in increasing tourism development. The correlation is found in the presence of foreign investors which is strongly influenced by the internal conditions of a country, namely the stability of tourism, state politics, and legal certainty. Besides the obstacles in the development of tourism in the Aruk border is the budget problem and number of investors who do not care about the environmental sustainability of a tourist area.
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