Lemon Citrus (<em>Citrus limon</em> (L.) Burm f.) is one of the plants that has potential as a traditional medicine, and is an excellent source of vitamin C and calcium. Lemon leaf lemon can help overcome cancer, heart and liver. The purpose of this research is to characterize simplicia leaf and to know the chemical compound group contained in leaf. Characterization of simplicia include macroscopic and microscopic examination, determinations of loss on drying, determinations of water soluble extract, determination of ethanol soluble concentration, determination of total ash content, and determination of acid ash in soluble. Phytochemical screening includes the test for alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, tannins and saponins. The result obtained from examination of lemon citrus leaf characteristic gave loss on drying 69,29%; total ash content 6,40%; acid insoluble ash 1,23%; ethanol soluble extract 17,73%; water soluble extract 24,79%. The result of phytochemical screening showed that lemon leaf simplicia extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids and tannins.
Keberadaan pohon di sepanjang aliran sungai sangat penting karena dapat menjadi resapan air, pelindung dan penahan tanah disaat musim penghujan tiba. Tujuan dari sosialisasi tanam dan pelihara pohon ini yaitu, untuk meminimalisir terjadinya erosi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Dusun Jeruk Desa Melati 2, Kecamatan Perbaungan, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Kegiatan sosialisasi tanam dan pelihara pohon berjalan lancar. Penanaman 50 bibit pohon telah dilakukan di 50 titik yang berbeda di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) di Dusun Jeruk.
<p><a name="_Hlk26926554"></a><span>Pirdot is a plant that has been widely used by people to treat various diseases. Pirdot leaves extract contain of flavonoids which have antibacterial Substances. This research has a purpose to determine the activity of pirdot leaves extract (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) inhibit to<span> </span>bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This research uses an experimental method that are the maceration extraction method and testing the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. Result of the research was found that the inhibition area of pirdot leaves extract against Bacillus subtilis bacteria that have some clear zone<span> </span>were 8.66 mm, 9.43 mm, 9.90 mm, 10.97 mm and 11.66 mm. Pirdot leaves can inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.</span></p><p><span><span>Keywords: Pirdot leaf, Bacillus subtilis, antibacterial.</span></span></p>
<p><strong>Dekke Na Niura is a typical traditional food of Batak Toba tribe which is made from fermented carp. Dekke Na Niura can act as a source of probiotics because it contains good microorganisms, namely Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). Several types of LAB are known synthesize exopolysaccharides (EPS), which are polysaccharide polymers considered important for health. Therefore researchers want to know whether<em> dekke na niura</em> can act as functional food evidenced by the presence of LAB and its potential to produce EPS. The presence of bacterial isolate on <em>dekke na niura</em> was detected by <em>dilution series-pour plate</em> method on MRSA (</strong><strong><em>deMan Rogosa and Sharpe Agar</em></strong><strong>) medium, then confirmed as LAB by morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolates believed to be LAB were then tested for their potential to produce EPS. The results showed that in <em>dekke na niura,</em> LAB isolates were found by UB1, UB2 and UB3 and then all of them identified as <em>Lactobacillus</em>. The three isolates showed the potential for EPS production with a weight ranging from 2490-3490 mg/L. This weight is known to be greater than the weight of EPS produced by commercial LAB isolates</strong><strong>.</strong></p><p><strong>Keywords </strong><em>– Carp, Dekke Na Niura, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Exopolisaccharides</em></p>
<p>The lemongrass plants (Cymbopogon nardus) is one of the plants used as medicine such as strep throat, cough and colds. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the juice of fragrant lemongrass leaves has antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria that cause dental caries. The research method used is experimental with agar diffusion. The experiment consisted of four treatments namely at concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% with three repetitions. The results showed fragrant lemongrass leaves at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% had an average inhibition zone diameter of 14,2 mm, 15,1 mm, 16,2 mm dan 17,3 mm. Fragrant lemongrass leaves can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans.</p><p>Keywords : Cymbopogon nardus, Antibacterial, Streptococcus mutans.</p><p> </p>
<p>One of the plants that can be used as medicine is Wuluh starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.). Starfruit fruit has antipyretic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory properties, treats coughs and treats rashes. Wuluh starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.) contains chemical compounds of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins. This study aims to determine the anti-fungal inhibition of star fruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.) on the growth of <em>Pityrosporum ovale</em> which causes dandruff. The method used to obtain the extract of starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.) through a maceration process using ethanol 96% solvent. The anti-fungal inhibition test used the agar diffusion method by sticking disc paper on the media that had been grown by the fungus <em>Pityrosporum ovale</em>. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the fruit of starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.) contained flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin and saponin compounds. The resulting inhibitory power was indicated by the formation of a clear zone at each concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and as a comparison, a positive control of 10% ketonazole was made. The average diameter obtained was 6.26 mm, 7.09 mm, 7.57 mm, 8.07 mm, and 17.29 mm. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the extract of starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> L.) had an inhibitory power against the growth of <em>Pityrosporum ovale</em>.</p>
In the new normal, teaching and learning activities can doing by offline, but with the condition that health protocols must be implemented. A person's behavior will be based on knowledge, by obtaining knowledge that is used as the formation of behavior, students can apply the habits they have understood. Students of X IPA class of senior high school SMAN 1 Simpang Kiri have studied virus material in Biology subjects related to COVID-19. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of students' knowledge about virus material and how students' healthy living behavior in the new normal era in preventing transmission of t Covid and knowing the relationship between knowledge of virus and healthy living behavior of students in new normal. This research doing with a quantitative approach and manifold correlational research. Samples taken using simple random sampling technique untill 75 respondents were obtained. Data collection technique using test instruments and questionnaires and analyzed with the Kendall's Tau correlation test. Based on the results of the study, it shown that the frequency with which students' knowledge levels highest was in very high category, the highest frequency students healthy behavior in new normal in preventing COVID ransmission in good category, from analysis Kendall's Tau correlation test, it showed knowledge of virus and healthy living students in new normal has relationship and regression value of 0.245 and the strength relationship in low category and has a positive direction. From the calculation of coefficient determination, the contribution or magnitude of influence knowledge on behavior is 6%.
<p class="StyleAuthorBold"><em>Pirdot is a natural medicinal plant contains flavonoids that has antibacterial properties. The bacteria tested in this experiment is E. coli that causes of diarrhea. This study was to determine the antibacterial effect of pirdot leaves made in an extract preparation by the diffusion method using paper discs.. This study also used Tetracycline as a comparison, where this antibiotic is very sensitive to E. coli bacteria. Pirdot leaf extract was made in various concentrations, namely 12.5%, 15%, 17.5% and 20% and 20 mcg and 30 mcg of Tetracycline concentrations. The results showed that pirdot leaf extract in E. coli was able to inhibit with a concentration of 12.5% </em><em></em><em>of 10.41 mm, 15% of 11.71 mm, 17.5% of 14.08%, and 20% of 15.43 mm, while the 20 mcg Tetracycline comparison was 18.73 mm and 20.71 mm at 30 mcg. So the conclussion from this research are the concentration of 12.5% and 15% can not be not said to be antibacterial but at concentrations of 17.5% and 20% can be said to be antibacterial. </em><em></em></p><p class="abstrak" align="left"><em>Keywords: Pirdot leaf, Eschericia coli, antibacterial</em>. </p>
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