Lemon Citrus (<em>Citrus limon</em> (L.) Burm f.) is one of the plants that has potential as a traditional medicine, and is an excellent source of vitamin C and calcium. Lemon leaf lemon can help overcome cancer, heart and liver. The purpose of this research is to characterize simplicia leaf and to know the chemical compound group contained in leaf. Characterization of simplicia include macroscopic and microscopic examination, determinations of loss on drying, determinations of water soluble extract, determination of ethanol soluble concentration, determination of total ash content, and determination of acid ash in soluble. Phytochemical screening includes the test for alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, tannins and saponins. The result obtained from examination of lemon citrus leaf characteristic gave loss on drying 69,29%; total ash content 6,40%; acid insoluble ash 1,23%; ethanol soluble extract 17,73%; water soluble extract 24,79%. The result of phytochemical screening showed that lemon leaf simplicia extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids and tannins.
Keberadaan pohon di sepanjang aliran sungai sangat penting karena dapat menjadi resapan air, pelindung dan penahan tanah disaat musim penghujan tiba. Tujuan dari sosialisasi tanam dan pelihara pohon ini yaitu, untuk meminimalisir terjadinya erosi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Dusun Jeruk Desa Melati 2, Kecamatan Perbaungan, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Kegiatan sosialisasi tanam dan pelihara pohon berjalan lancar. Penanaman 50 bibit pohon telah dilakukan di 50 titik yang berbeda di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) di Dusun Jeruk.
<p>The lemongrass plants (Cymbopogon nardus) is one of the plants used as medicine such as strep throat, cough and colds. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the juice of fragrant lemongrass leaves has antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria that cause dental caries. The research method used is experimental with agar diffusion. The experiment consisted of four treatments namely at concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% with three repetitions. The results showed fragrant lemongrass leaves at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% had an average inhibition zone diameter of 14,2 mm, 15,1 mm, 16,2 mm dan 17,3 mm. Fragrant lemongrass leaves can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans.</p><p>Keywords : Cymbopogon nardus, Antibacterial, Streptococcus mutans.</p><p> </p>
<p><a name="_Hlk26926554"></a><span>Pirdot is a plant that has been widely used by people to treat various diseases. Pirdot leaves extract contain of flavonoids which have antibacterial Substances. This research has a purpose to determine the activity of pirdot leaves extract (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) inhibit to<span> </span>bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This research uses an experimental method that are the maceration extraction method and testing the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. Result of the research was found that the inhibition area of pirdot leaves extract against Bacillus subtilis bacteria that have some clear zone<span> </span>were 8.66 mm, 9.43 mm, 9.90 mm, 10.97 mm and 11.66 mm. Pirdot leaves can inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.</span></p><p><span><span>Keywords: Pirdot leaf, Bacillus subtilis, antibacterial.</span></span></p>
<p><strong>Dekke Na Niura is a typical traditional food of Batak Toba tribe which is made from fermented carp. Dekke Na Niura can act as a source of probiotics because it contains good microorganisms, namely Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). Several types of LAB are known synthesize exopolysaccharides (EPS), which are polysaccharide polymers considered important for health. Therefore researchers want to know whether<em> dekke na niura</em> can act as functional food evidenced by the presence of LAB and its potential to produce EPS. The presence of bacterial isolate on <em>dekke na niura</em> was detected by <em>dilution series-pour plate</em> method on MRSA (</strong><strong><em>deMan Rogosa and Sharpe Agar</em></strong><strong>) medium, then confirmed as LAB by morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolates believed to be LAB were then tested for their potential to produce EPS. The results showed that in <em>dekke na niura,</em> LAB isolates were found by UB1, UB2 and UB3 and then all of them identified as <em>Lactobacillus</em>. The three isolates showed the potential for EPS production with a weight ranging from 2490-3490 mg/L. This weight is known to be greater than the weight of EPS produced by commercial LAB isolates</strong><strong>.</strong></p><p><strong>Keywords </strong><em>– Carp, Dekke Na Niura, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Exopolisaccharides</em></p>
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