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Background: Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure to smooth out the nasal deformities and to fix nasal breathing problems. Spreader grafts and flaps are used to prevent some complications such as middle vault collapse, narrowing the internal nasal valve and inverted V deformity. To obtain more stable middle vault, spreader grafts and flaps could be used together. Many researchers have tried different graft and flap techniques to reach more successful aesthetic and functional results. In this research, we investigated effects of triangular graft on the internal nasal valve angle, nasal breathing, and aesthetic outcomes when it used together with sprader flap. Methods: In this prospective study, 3 different groups were formed as: the spreader flap group (group 1); the spreader flap with the rectangular spreader graft group (group 2); and the spreader flap with the triangular spreader graft group (group 3). Preoperative nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale was used to evaluate nasal breathing and visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate aesthetic appearance. And also, measurement of the internal nasal valve angle was performed for each patients. These evaluations were repeated at postoperative 3rd month. Preoperative and postoperative comparisons between study groups were performed. Results: There were 12 patients in group 1, 14 patients in group 2, and 10 patients in group 3. In each group, statistically significant decrease in NOSE scores (P < 0.05) and statistical significant increase in VAS scores (P < 0.05) were observed. And also, increased internal nasal valve angle after surgery was detected in all groups (P < 0.05). Postoperative NOSE and VAS scores were found similar in 3 different groups (P > 0.05). On the contrary, the internal nasal valve angles were found statistically significant increased in group 3 according to other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this prospective study presented that the use of triangular spreader graft with spreader flap was an appropriate technique to obtain successful aesthetic and functional outcomes with widening the internal nasal valve angle.

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Introduction: Nasal septum deviation (NSD) may lead to chronic hypoxia and increased oxidative stress. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of NSD on malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Methods: There were 30 patients with NSD and 30 healthy subjects in this study. Malondialdehyde, CAT, SOD, and GSH levels were determined in the control and study groups. The measurements were done preoperatively and postoperatively. Study group patients completed the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation questionnaire preoperatively and postoperatively to determine the success of the septoplasty. Results: Higher CAT, SOD, and GSH levels and lower MDA levels were found in the control group compared with the study group (P < 0.05). After septoplasty, Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores improved significantly and CAT, SOD, and GSH levels increased significantly (all, P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde levels did not decrease significantly after surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Nasal obstruction due to nasal septal deviation led to lower antioxidant enzyme levels, and correction of the septum led to an increase in antioxidant levels.

In patients with laryngeal cancer, the oxidant/antioxidant balance shifted toward oxidative stress. In addition, following laryngectomies, laryngeal cancer patients had increases in serum antioxidant enzyme activities and decreases in oxidative stress markers.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Brandt-Daroff (BD) exercise and shopping exercise (SE) on the resolution of residual dizziness (RD) in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) following a successful modified Epley canalith repositioning maneuver (CRP). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This single-blind, randomized clinical trial included patients with posterior semicircular canal type of BPPV. Following the modified Epley maneuver, patients that experienced RD were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (i) BD, (ii) SE, and (iii) control groups. Primary outcomes were quantified using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Following CRP, 240 (63%) participants experienced RD. All these patients were followed up weekly for RD. After the resolution of RD, patients were followed up monthly for recurrence. Mean time to recovery was 16.4 ± 10 (range, 5–49) days in the BD group, 11.5 ± 4.6 (range, 6–32) days in the SE group, and 23.4 ± 16.8 (range, 6–89) days in the control group. The SE group recovered significantly faster than the BD and control groups (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Baseline emotional DHI (E-DHI) scores were significantly correlated with the duration of pre-CRP symptoms (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Correlation analysis indicated that patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) recovered later than patients without these comorbidities. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We found that RD improved significantly in the SE group compared to the BD and control groups. Additionally, a significant relationship was established between RD and high anxiety levels and DM, and obesity had a negative impact on the resolution of RD.

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