Somatic embryos of Cyclamen persicum Mill. could be produced through a callus phase from juvenile explant material including anthers, ovaries and zygotic embryos. The auxin 2,4-D (1.0-1.5 mg 1-1) and coconut milk (10% v/v) in MS medium were important factors for the induction of somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos germinated into plantlets in MS medium without growth regulators. The plants grew well in the greenhouse and flowered normally. The plants were phenotypically identical to the mother plants with a few exceptions.
Somatic embryos of the cut rose cultivars 'Domingo' and 'Vickey Brown' were obtained from callus derived from leaf explants on half strength Murashige and Skoog medium with low concentrations of kinetin and 1-naphthyl acetic acid or 2-naphthyloxyacetic acid. Somatic embryos were first observed after 6 to 12 weeks of culture on callus formed at the basis or midrib of the leaf. Embryos could be grown to phenotypically true to type greenhouse plants.
Digitalis lanata cell cultures grown as small undifferentiated aggregates in suspension culture can be redifferentiated into green embryos that produce cardenolides. The possibility of using a statistical (Box-Wilson) experimental design to study the effects of four different variables on growth, differentiation, and cardenolide production of D. lanata tissue cultures are investigated. The results of the analyses were processed by linear regression analysis. Mathematical models explaining the effects of the variables were developed. The concentration of maltose and the NO(3) (-)--NH(4) (+) ratio were found to be significant variables for both growth and cardenolide production. The size of the inoculum was also important.
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