A dye‐sensitized photoelectrochemical cell (see Figure) is described and its construction and performance reported: the overall efficiency of the cell is the highest recorded so far for solid‐state cells. The major novelty of the cell lies in its gel electrolyte made by the sol–gel route.

Thin SnO2 and Sb-doped SnO2 films have been prepared from aqueous colloidal solutions containing SnCI4 -5H20 and SbCI3 precursors by the dip-coating technique. The films are characterized as small grains (40 to 70 ,&,) and exhibit the ability to uptake reversibly Li + and H + ions from solutions of LiCIO4 (0.1 M) in acetonitrile (AN) or water, LiOH (0.1M) and HCIO4 (0.001 to 0.01M). It was found that Sb-doped (7 a/o Sb) SnO9 films thicker than 100 nm exhibit about three times greater (de)inserted charges as compared to the undoped films. With regard to the amount of (de)inserted charge (up to 8 mC/cm2), Sb-doped SnO2 films are suitable for mixed electronically conductive, ion-storage electrodes in electrochromic devices.

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The electrochromic properties of mixed Nb/Fe-oxide films with amorphous structure which were prepared via the solgel route were determined. Films with Nb/Fe molar concentration ratios 0.2:1, 0.4:1, and 1:1 exhibit ion-storage capacities up to 18 mC/cm 2 depending on Nb/Fe molar ratio. Electrochromically films behave as optically passive electrodes with a coloration efficiency of nearly zero at X > 480 nm, while at shorter wavelengths a relatively strong anodic coloring was observed, yielding negative coloration efficiencies up to -20 cm'/C. Coloring/bleaching changes of films are correlated with the ex situ IR spectroscopic measurements of charged/discharged films showing distortions of the film structure with Li + ion insertion/extraction reactions. Electrochemical stability of Nb/Fe (0.4:1)-oxide films was tested up to 2000 cycles in a sol-gel electrochromic device consisting of sol-gel-derived WO, films and hybrid organic/inorganic ionic conductor with ionic conductivity of about 10 -4 S/cm serving for lamination of the electrodes. ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 129.49.23.145 Downloaded on 2015-03-15 to IP

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