Regardless of ESBL production, the excellent activity of fosfomycin against E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Serratia spp, and Citrobacter spp, indicates that the drug is a valuable therapeutic option for urinary tract infections, even those with co-trimoxazole- and ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, but not in ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, A. baumannii, and Proteus spp. Further studies should be carried out to determine the in vivo drug activity among Enterobacteriaceae other than E. coli.
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a single-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family and transmitted to human through infected mosquitos (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). Virus is closely related with other flaviviruses; dengue virus, yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus phylogenetically. Due to the possible relationship between virus and clinical features including microcephaly, ventricule, and eye deformities, Guillain-Barre syndrome increases the interest on this virus gradually. Along with the vector-borne transmission, exposure via blood transfusion and sexual contact are further concerns. Since December 2015, CDC reported 440.000-1.300.000 possible cases in Brazil and as of 19 January 2016, El Salvador, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Surinam, French Guana, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama are the countries with active epidemic. CDC recommends ZIKV screening for all pregnants including asymptomatic cases those living in the active epidemic areas. Recently, virus is detected in the USA and most European countries including UK, Netherlands, Denmark, Switzerland, and Italy as a travel-associated infection. Owing to the changing world with increased capabilities for transportation globally, this vector-borne infection represents a valuable marker for the ability of spreading of any infection from its original area that it was first seen. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date data and reports in terms of the importance of the ZIKV infection in the public health.
Based on the findings of this study, infection related to PVL-carrying CA-MRSA is not at an alarmingly high level, but population-based surveillance studies should be done to determine the real status.
Results of oxacillin screen agar and cefoxitin DD test were in concordance with mecA gene PCR. Thus, it is determined that especially cefoxitin test can be an alternative to PCR in routine.
Oligella species are small, Gram-negative, nonsaccharolytic aerobic rods or coccobacilli that are catalase and oxidase-positive, mostly isolated from the urinary tract and rarely from wounds, bloodstream infections, septic arthritis, or peritonitis.In this article, we report a case of O.ureolytica-related bloodstream infection in a newborn infant and we review the literature for previously reported cases of Oligella infections.
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