Background: This is a prospective study aimed at evaluating patients presenting with breast related complaints at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune. It outlines various clinical patterns in benign breast disorders; this includes age, type of presentation, side and quadrant of breast involved, size of breast lump and the eventual diagnosis.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, between July 2016 and July 2017. Author evaluated 50 patients, male and female, of all ages, presenting with complaints suggestive of a benign breast disorder. Patients that were a proven case of carcinoma of breast and those diagnosed with a malignant condition of the breast during evaluation were excluded from the study.Results: The incidence of benign breast disorders is the highest in the age group of 21 to 30 years (42%). Most common presentation of benign breast disorder in the series was found to be lump in the breast (58%). The Left breast (44%) was noted to be more commonly involved than the Right breast (40%). Most commonly involved quadrant of breast was the upper inner quadrant (30%), followed by the upper outer quadrant (24%).Most of the breast lumps were of size ranging from 3 to 3.9cm (36.58%) followed by those of size ranging from 2 to 2.9cm. (21.95%). Fibroadenoma (42%) was the most common benign breast disorder in present study, followed by fibro-adenosis (18%).Conclusions: Every benign breast disorder presents in a certain age group and follows a certain clinical pattern as outlined in this study. Detailed history taking and clinical examination while keeping in mind these clinical patterns, along with ultrasound and FNAC (triple test), aids in establishing the diagnosis of a benign breast disorder within 72 hours. Hence, the anxiety caused by breast lumps and nodularity can be alleviated by excluding the diagnosis of carcinoma breast. And since majority of benign lesions are not associated with an increased risk for subsequent breast cancer, unnecessary surgical procedures can be avoided.
Polyorchidism is an extremely rare congenital anomaly which refers to the presence of more than two testicles. There are very few reports of triorchidism in a 2 year old child. Polyorchidism is usually discovered incidentally. The most common anomalies associated with polyorchidism are inguinal hernia (30%), maldescended testis (15% to 30%), testicular torsion (13%) and hydrocele (9%). A 2-year-old child was brought with bilateral undescended testis with normal milestones. Ultrasonography of scrotum and abdomen showed both the testes to be in inguinal canal. Intra-operatively, on left side - there were two testes, which belonged to Leung III class and one testis on right side. Management of polyorchidism is still controversial. The management of polyorchidism will depend upon the location, size and anatomical organisation of the testicular drainage system and the age of the patient.
Background: Swellings in the neck are common and are encountered frequently in General Surgery. A diagnosis may be possible based on clinical examination alone but, investigations are required to clarify the diagnosis and, to exclude a diagnosis of malignancy. With this background, the present study is conducted in an effort to find out the causes for non-thyroidal neck swellings, and to assess the various investigations and management available for treating these neck swellings.Methods: The study was conducted on newly diagnosed non thyroidal neck swelling cases coming to the Dept. of General Surgery, ENT, Oro- Maxillofacial and Pulmonary Medicine (OPD and IPD), Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune. The study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2019. Data collection included history taking, clinical examination, and radiological investigation and histopathological examination by specific pathologist throughout the study. After confirmation of diagnosis, patients were subjected to further management.Results: Among 100 patients, male to female ratio was 1:1. The Mean age of the participants is 40.41±12.85 years. There was statistically significant association between tobacco addiction and malignant neck swelling. Considering HPE as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis is 81.8% and 100% respectively.Conclusions: The overwhelming amount of possible diseases linked to a swelling in the neck, makes it of utmost importance to follow a strict protocol for appropriate diagnosis making and prompt treatment so as to prevent diagnostic delay.
Adenomatoid tumors are regarded as distinctive benign mesothelial neoplasms of the paratesticular region, most commonly occurring at the tail of the epididymidis. Because of its rarity, the clinical and histopathological aspects are discussed. We present the case of 40 years old male patient came to our OPD with complaints of left hemiscrotal swelling since 6 months duration. A clinical diagnosis of testicular neoplasm was made, but the final diagnosis of adenomatoid tumor was made after excision. Due to its low incidence in intrascrotal pathology, we believe it is important for the physician to be aware of this interesting entity in order to make a differential diagnosis from other inflammatory processes and to adopt the proper surgical approach.
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