Background: Medical faculties in Indonesia also affected by COVID-19 pandemic, including the faculty of medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia. To some extent, faculty administrator had to improvisize in order to make adjustment, from the formerly class based lecture in to modified long distance/online lecture. This study aimed to measure the impact of COVID-19 on the medical education by asking the student’s perception on the practice of long distance learning delivered during this pandemi.Methods: The study held in Jakarta, Indonesia from the 1st until 3rd week of May 2020, after previously being approved by the faculty ethical committe. This is a simple survey based cross sectional study design using electronic questionairre which was arranged based on the result of previously conducted small focus group discussion and in-depth interview carried out on a number of selected students and lecturers. Questionairre made on Google Forms™, then carefully being evaluated for its validity and reliability until considered fix. The e-questionairre sent via whatsapp™ to all of students. All the data collected put together in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, then being exported to SPSS™ ver. 21 for further analysis.Results: A number of 545 students respondended to electronic survey conducted via WhatsApp™. Our study on the effect of COVID to our student’s education revealed some supportive, but also inhibitory factors.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this can be a valuable input to faculty administrator in order to improve medical education delivery in the future.

Abstract. Alfarabi M, Turhadi, Suryowati T, Imaneli NA, Sihombing PO. 2022. Short Communication: Antioxidant activity and metabolite profiles of leaves and stem extracts of Vitex negundo. Biodiversitas 23: 2663-2667. Many plantspecies could be used as natural sources of antioxidants, one of which is Vitex negundo or lagundi which grows widely in Southeast and South Asia. Due to the wide distribution of growth areas, so different habitats could be a factor causing variations in V. negundo bioactivity, especially antioxidant activity. In addition to environmental factors, extract derived from different plant parts could also contribute to variations in the content of metabolites that affect bioactivity. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of leaf and stem extracts of V. negundo and evaluate the metabolites contained in the extracts. Antioxidant activity analysis was performed using the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and GC-MS analysis was used to identify bioactive metabolites. Leafand stem extract of V. negundo showed antioxidant activity directly proportional to the increasein extract concentration. A total of 8 metabolites were identified from the three extracts, i.e., acrolein, hydroquinone, sitosterol, naphthalene, pyrogallol, squalene, phytol, and hexadecenoic acid. There were correlations between antioxidant activity and the metabolites contained in the three extracts. It is suggested that the bioactivity of the extract is due to the interaction of these metabolites.

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Plant extracts continue to represent an untapped source of renewable therapeutic compounds for the prevention of illnesses including metabolic disorders such as antihyperglycemia. This study was to determine and identify the chemical compounds in leaves and gadung tuber (Dioscorea hispida Dennst), a-glucosidase inhibitory effects of leaves and to test antibacterial activity of tuber against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (Gram negative). Identification of the chemical compounds was conducted using GC-MS technique, a-glucosidase inhibitory effects test was measured with spectrophotometric and antibacterial activity test was performed in vitro using agar disc diffusion assay. The bioactive compound evaluation of leaves confirmed the presence of dl-chimyl alcohol (11.82%); 10 (E), 12(Z)-conjugated linoleic acid (10.84%); stigmasterol (9.55%); heptadecane (5.94%); campesterol (5.91%). The analysis of gadung tuber revealed the presence of 7-Azabicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 1-methgyl- (23.16%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (18.85%); 10E, 12(Z)-Conjugated linoleic acid (13.73%); 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 -hexaoxacyclooctadecane (4.34%); 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (4.07%). IC50 values inhibition of a-glucosidase extract was >300 ppm and glucobay standard was 0.210 ppm. The antimicrobial activity was performed against bacteria, its inhibitory effect. The results concluded that gadung tuber has great potential to invade some human pathogenic bacteria as it showed zone inhibition. Results from this research show that the concentration of gadung tuber compound has a low inhibition of alpha glucosidase activity. Further research is required to fully elucidate the bioactive compounds in this plant using vigorous analytical methods to be potentially responsible for health benefits

Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies, characterized by an increase in systolic blood pressure higher than or equal to 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure higher than or equal to 90 mmHg. Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for chronic kidney disease. This research aims to know the impact of hypertension on chronic kidney disease patients in UKI General Hospital from 2019 – to 2020. The design of this research was retrospective. The sample used was 58 patients following inclusion criteria. The instruments used are medical records of hypertension patients in UKI General Hospital from 2019 – to 2020. The results showed that 23 (39.7%) patients with hypertension were male, 35 (60.3%) patients with hypertension were female, and 15 (25.9%) patients with hypertension aged 46 – 55 years and 56 – 65 years. The chi-square correlation test results between hypertension and chronic kidney disease obtained p > 0.05. It was concluded that in UKI General Hospital during 2019 – 2020, hypertension has no significant impact on chronic kidney disease. Keywords: Cardiovascular Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypertension

The study aimed to analyze the effect of Torbangun to reduction uric acid in woman with hypercholesterolemia. Design experiment used in this study was pre and post test controlled group design. The first step of this study was analyzed bioactive compound of torbangun aqueous extract. The next step was administired orally of Torbangun extract to control and woman with hypercholesterolemia for 30 days, with 30 subjects placed in two groups, viz, experimental (CC group) and placebo (PC group). The first group received one capsules of CC (each capsule contains 500 mg extract) while the second group received one capsules of PC (comprised of 500 mg fillers) one times daily for both groups. Uric acid (UA) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured in the first and the end of intervention. Oral administired of Torbangun extract exhibited reduce of hyper uric acid and hyper total cholesterol in woman with hypercholesterolemia. Data were analyzed with paired sample t test with 95% significance level. The results show that there was significant decrease in UA and TC on day 30, compared to control (PC group). In CC group, the capsules significant reduction in UA levels (p=0.001) and TC levels (p=0.000). Studies clearly demonstrated that Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus Lour) aqueous extract possesses antihyperuricemic activity in woman with hypercholesterolemia.

Aims: Due to the complexity of teaching new subjects to medical freshmen, especially in basic medical science, and the variability of the academic performance, we want to explore the difference of our student’s Biochemistry examination score based on their gender and place of residence. Methods: This is a simple retrospective cross sectional study by analyzing the examination result and compared it based on our student’s gender (male or female) and place of residence (living in their own house or in boarding house). Result and Discussion: During data collection, there are 913 active students from all class of  2016-2021 but only 569 freshmen from the class of 2018-2021 which gender and place of residence data are available, there are 155 male (27.24%) and 414 female (72.75%). Female students achieved better mean score compared to their male counterparts. Students which live in their own house also achieved better mean score compared to those who lived in boarding house. Conclusion: there are differences in the achievement of examination scores based on student’s gender and place of residence.

Leishmania, a parasitic protozoan, a single-celled organism of the genus trypanosomes that are responsible for the disease leishmaniasis. Transmission occured by sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World, and of the genus Lutzomyia in the New World. Globally, at least 93 sandfly species are proven or probable vectors. Their primary hosts are vertebrates; Leishmania commonly infects hyraxes, canids, rodents, and humans. Leishmaniasis encompasses diverse clinical syndromes, including cutaneous, mucosal, and potentially life-threatening visceral forms. Three widely known virulence factors belongs to the genus Leishmania include the active compound named proteophosphoglycan (PPG), GP63 metalloprotease and lipophosphoglycan (LPG). these substance established on the surface of the parasite. The aim of this review article is to make an insight of the biochemical characteristics of Leishmania spp virulence factors, the armamentarium that predispose their pathogenesis, its invasion and virulence to the mammalian host.