This study examined fraudulent financial reporting in the ministerial and governmental institutions in Indonesia. It adopted the hexagon theory that identified six elements (pressure, opportunity, rationalisation, capability, arrogance, and collusion) in determining whether these elements influence fraudulent financial reporting in the institutions. Content analysis was used on the financial statements of thirty-two ministerial and governmental institutions over three years from 2018 to 2020. This study shows that three out of the six elements, namely opportunity, arrogance, and collusion, significantly affect fraudulent financial reporting. The effects are positive, confirming the proposition of the hexagon theory. On the other hand, this study could not provide evidence on the effect of pressure, rationalisation, and capability on fraudulent financial reporting in the ministerial and governmental institutions. The findings in this study suggest the importance of a holistic application of the whistle-blowing and e-procurement systems in all governmental elements to deliver a transparent, accountable organisational performance for the stakeholders, especially society.
Sustainable development goals open opportunities for the issuance of Sukuk (Islamic securities) as an alternative to sustainable financing for infrastructure development in Indonesia. In line with the rise of public awareness of the concept of sustainable development, a new investor market has emerged. The investors will only invest in investment instruments that are categorized as "green". By applying the normative legal approach, this study analyzes green sukuk as an alternative financing for green infrastructure development in Indonesia. This study concludes that Indonesia develops Green Sukuk to support the development of green infrastructure based on the World Bank's Green Bond model. Moreover, this study proposed the green sukuk legal framework to ensure that the project meets the criteria for green infrastructure.
Pertumbuhan industri perbankan syariah Indonesia menunjukkan grafik meningkat, walaupun mengalami perlambatan. Data yang dipublikasi oleh OJK menunjukkan bahwa perbankan syariah nasional berkontribusi sebesar 4.81 % terhadap market share dengan pertumbuhan assets mencapat 11.97 % per Juni 2016. Di tataran global, sektor jasa keuangan syariah termasuk perbankan, menguasai 3 % dan bersama sama dengan Qatar, Arab Saudi, Malaysia, Uni Emirat Arab dan Turki menjadi kekuatan pendorong keuangan syariah di masa depan. Salah satu isu startegis yang menjadi hambatan adalah mispersepsi masyarakat terhadap perbankan syariah baik mengenai akad, produk dan layanan yang belum patuh terhadap prinsip syariah. Implementasi tatakelola merupakan upaya untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan perbankan syariah.Keywords : Perbankan syariah- tata kelola- percepatan pertumbuhan.
ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF MACROALGAE FOR MARINE ECOSYSTEM. Macroalgae is an ecologically and economically important component in marine ecosystem. Ecologically, macroalgae has a role as a primary producer, food for other marine biota, provide shelter, nursery ground and carbon sink. Macroalgae contains photosynthetic pigments to be able to provide their own food and produce carbon dioxide for other marine biota (called primary productivity). Macroalgae is a food source, provide shelter and nursery ground for fish, gastropods (mollusks), crustaceans and sea urchins. Macroalgae also has the ability to to reduce the effects of global warming through carbon sink. Absorption of carbon emissions of anthropogenic activity by marine organisms are called as blue carbon. Therefore, macroalgae is ecologically importantfor the balancing of marine ecosystems sustainability.
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