At the beginning of the 21st century, Lean Management (LM) tools were introduced into the healthcare sector around the world. In Poland, there are still few LM implementations, and they are not of a comprehensive nature. The aim of this article is to present the application of the LM concept in a hospital in Poland as a tool for the identification and analysis of waste and its impact on the process of organizing the provision of medical services on the example of improvements in the process of patient admission. In the period from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019, a project of LM implementation was carried out at the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw. The project was based on the method of value-stream mapping and 5Why. Standardized interviews (before and after the project) were conducted with people from the hospital management and middle-level managers. The implementation of LM tools resulted in the identification of a number of wastes, which have been divided into groups. The most important waste was paper medical documentation. Its change to an electronic form allowed for a better use of human capital resources; savings included 2.3 nursing positions and 1.09 medical staff positions.

Healthcare institutions in Poland constantly encounter challenges related both to the quality of provided services and to the pressures associated with treatment effectiveness and economic efficiency. The implemented solutions have a goal of improving the service quality of lowering the continuously increasing operational costs. The aim of this paper is to present the application of Lean Management (LM) tools in a Polish hospital, which allowed for the identification of prolonged stays as one of the main issues affecting the service costs and the deteriorating financial results of the hospital. The study was conducted in the neurology department and involved an analysis of data for the whole of 2019 and the first half of 2022. In addition, surveys were conducted among the medical staff to help identify the main causes of prolonged stays. Methods of data analysis and feasible solutions were developed in order to improve the economic efficiency of the unit. The analysis shows that the application of LM tools may contribute to improvement in the functioning of hospitals and that further studies should focus on the development of the method to evaluate efficiency of the implemented solutions intended at shortening the hospital stays of the patients.

Wprowadzenie do systemu edukacji pojęcia efektów kształcenia spowodowało, że coraz częściej i w coraz bardziej jednoznaczny sposób temat kompetencji i ich rozwijania włączany był w sferę funkcjonowania uczelni wyższych. Odpowiedzialność uczelni za kształcenie przyszłych profesjonalnych kadr dla gospodarki rozpatrywana jest w efekcie przez pryzmat rozwoju kompetencji. Kształcenie to często odbywa się w ramach głęboko zakorzenionego trzyelementowego (wiedza, umiejętności, postawy) modelu kompetencji, który można by nazwać klasycznym. Dodatkowo model ten implementowany jest często w sposób cząstkowy i niezintegrowany.Omówiono skutki cząstkowego stosowania modelu jako podstawy rozwoju kompetencji oraz zaproponowano podejście zintegrowane jako alternatywę fragmentarycznego podejścia do rozwoju kompetencji i antidotum na zagrożenia z niego wynikające. W opracowaniu wykorzystana została metoda refleksyjnego praktyka. Przedstawiony został zintegrowany model kompetencji, który ułatwia dbanie o ich rozwój. Szczególny nacisk położono na omówienie prawidłowego ulokowania wiedzy w ogólnej strukturze kompetencji. Przeprowadzona została także dyskusja na temat praktycznych konsekwencji i zaleceń stosowania uproszczeń w modelu kompetencji w kontekście szkolnictwa wyższego.

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify the relationship between accounting science and management sciences in the light of the formal separation of disciplines in the field of social sciences in Poland, and to indicate the consequences of this separation for the devel-opment of economic sciences, which, regardless of legal regulations, also include accounting. Methodology/approach: The considerations in the article are presented against the views presented in the literature by selected authors and the position of the scientific community on the research interests of the discipline of management and quality sciences. The article uses the method of critical analysis and synthesis of opinions of other authors as well as deductive reasoning. Findings: Accounting, as one integrated system of economic measurement – regardless of legal regulations in the field of science classification – is an integral part of organization management, which means that it should constitute a sub-discipline of management and quality sciences. Research limitations/implications: Qualifying the scientific achievements of accounting researchers in Poland to the disciplines distinguished within the social sciences may have a significant impact on the results of the evaluation of science for 2017-2021. Originality/value: The article proposes solutions for the classification of social science disciplines (including accounting) based on formally combining, not isolating them, which favors the development of an interdisciplinary approach to scientific research

This paper, based on the experience of Poland, commences the scientific discussion on regulatory, organizational, methodological, and didactic support for the formation of cross-cultural competences of future marketers in Ukraine. The study aims to develop proposals for mastering cross-cultural competences by Ukrainian undergraduate and graduate students, which is an essential component of forming an innovative profile of marketers and strengthening their competitiveness in domestic and foreign labor markets. The authors' contribution to the development of the problem is to substantiate the definition of „marketing profile” and develop clear proposals to shape its innovation. The basis of this contribution is the scientific novelty of the presented study. It consists of generalizing the experience of teaching marketing and management disciplines by Ukrainian specialists under the Visiting Professor Program in Poland and the experience of implementing joint Ukrainian-Polish and Ukrainian-German projects. The study of the formation of cross-cultural competences is carried out in the following logical sequence: the essence of the relevant educational and qualification requirements is considered; the principles of European experience in the formation of such competences are highlighted on the example of Poland; proposals on improvement in the educational standards of Ukraine so as to solve the researched problems are substantiated.

Introduction: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was a period of uncertainty and stress for healthcare managers due to the lack of knowledge (about the transmission of the virus, etc.) and also due to the lack of uniform organisational and treatment procedures. It was a period where the ability to prepare for a crisis, to adapt to the existing conditions, and to draw conclusions from the situation were of critical importance to keep ICUs (intensive care units) operating. The aim of this project is to compare the pandemic response to COVID-19 in Poland during the first and second waves of the pandemic. This comparison will be used to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the response, including challenges presented to health professionals and health systems and ICUs with COVID-19 patients according to the European Union Resilience Model (2014) and the WHO Resilience Model (2020). The WHO Resilience model was suitable to the COVID-19 situation because it was developed based on this experience. Methods: A matrix of 6 elements and 13 standards assigned to them was created using the EC and WHO resilience guidelines. Results: Good governance in resilient systems ensures access to all resources without constraints, free and transparent flow of information, and a sufficient number of well-motivated human resources. Conclusions: Appropriate preparation, adaptation to the existing situation, and effective management of crisis situations are important elements of ensuring the resilience of ICUs.

Funkcjonowanie współczesnych organizacji jest związane z ciągłym dostosowywaniem się do zmiennych warunków otoczenia. W organizacjach o charakterze biznesowym rozwiązaniem problemów związanych z potrzebą ciągłych zmian, a jednocześnie zapewnieniem bezpieczeństwa i stabilności funkcjonowania, jest zarządzanie przez wartości. Kluczowe wartości stanowią wyznacznik działań organizacji jako całości oraz poszczególnych jej członków. Wartości stanowią podstawę formułowania strategii działania, a wraz z wizją i misją łączą się w triadę pełniącą rolę drogowskazu. W artykule podjęto temat wykorzystania kluczowych wartości w funkcjonowaniu organizacji non profit, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem szpitali. Wskazano, w jaki sposób kluczowe wartości determinują strategię działania i wpływają na zachowania pracowników. Rozważania teoretyczne zostały zilustrowane wynikami badań własnych, wskazujących na stopień identyfikacji wartości wśród personelu medycznego badanego szpitala. W kontekście procesu zarządzania przez wartości przeprowadzone dotychczas prace mogą stanowić punkt wyjścia do kolejnych badań zmierzających do wykorzystania wartości w zarządzaniu szpitalem.

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