This paper compares four previously published static dual-edge-triggered flip-flops (DETFFs) with a proposed design for their performance, power dissipation, and low-voltage low-power applications. For each DETFF, the optimal delay, power consumption, and power-delay product are determined as the primary figures of merit. The proposed design is shown to have the least energy at low voltages. Index Terms-Digital CMOS, flip-flop, low power, low voltage, VLSI.
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