Solid-state molecular rotor-type materials such as host–guest inclusion compounds are very desirable for the construction of molecular ferroelectrics. However, they usually have a low Curie temperature (T c) and uniaxial nature, severely hindering their practical applications. Herein, by regulating the anion to control “momentum matching” in the crystal structure, we successfully designed a high-temperature multiaxial host–guest inclusion ferroelectric [(MeO–C6H4–NH3)­(18-crown-6)]­[TFSA] (MeO–C6H4–NH3 = 4-methoxyanilinium, TFSA = bis­(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)­ammonium) with the Aizu notation of mmmFm. Compared to the parent uniaxial ferroelectric [(MeO–C6H4–NH3)­(18-crown-6)]­[BF4] with a T c of 127 K, the introduction of larger TFSA anions brings a lower crystal symmetry at room temperature and a higher energy barrier of molecular motions in phase transition, giving [(MeO–C6H4–NH3)­(18-crown-6)]­[TFSA] multiaxial ferroelectricity and a high T c up to 415 K (above that of BaTiO3). To our knowledge, such a record temperature enhancement of 288 K makes its T c the highest among the reported crown-ether-based ferroelectrics, giving a wide working temperature range for applications in data storage, temperature sensing, actuation, and so on. This work will provide guidance and inspiration for designing high-T c host–guest inclusion ferroelectrics.

Figure 6. a) Solid-state variable-temperature UV−vis absorption spectra, b) energy band structure, and c) PDOS of MPSnBr 3 .

Crystallographic data of (H 2 dabco)(NH 4 )[BF 4 ] 3 (358 K, CCDC deposition number 1939825 (CIF) Crystallographic data of (H 2 dabco)Rb[BF 4 ] 3 (293 K, CCDC deposition number 1939823) (CIF) Crystallographic data of (H 2 dabco)Rb[BF 4 ] 3 (348 K, CCDC deposition number 1939824) (CIF) ■ AUTHOR INFORMATION

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Objectives: Whether subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) results in poor prognosis remains controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the association between SCH and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality by conducting a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Methods: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched through November 2011 to identify studies that met pre-stated inclusion criteria. Relevant information for analysis was extracted. Either a fixed or a random effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. Results: Seventeen cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall combined relative risks for individuals with SCH compared with the reference group were 1.19 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10 to 1.28) for CVD, 1.52 (95% CI: 1.08 to 2.13) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.00 to 1.55) for all-cause mortality. Subgroup analysis by sample source (community or convenience sample) showed that the significant association for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality only existed when pooling studies from convenience samples. Heterogeneity was observed when pooling studies on the association between SCH and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Sensitivity analysis showed omission of each individual study did not significantly change the pooled effects. No evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that SCH significantly increased the risk of CVD for the general population and the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality for the individuals with other morbidities.

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ObjectiveSeveral studies have indicated that elevated levels of circulating ferritin are associated with disturbances in energy metabolism. But none of this gave a clearly pathologic mechanism. We aimed to explore the independent relationship between serum ferritin levels and dyslipidemia.MethodsWe performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for dyslipidemia, lipid parameters, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the risk of diabetes, according to sex-specific quartiles of serum ferritin by using the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (2009 CHNS). We used three models to estimate the strength of the correlation. The basic model (Model 1) is without adjustment and the Model 2 and Model 3 are adjusted for demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle confounding factors.ResultsIn both genders, the ORs for high TG level, TC level and LDL-C level increased progressively and for HDL-C decreased across the ferritin quartiles (P<0.001 for trend). After adjustment for confounding factors in different logistic regression models, the results remained unchanged. The ORs for the risk of diabetes and high HOMA-IR level in the highest quartile group of serum ferritin levels were significantly increased in Model 1, but after adjustment for lipid parameters, the ORs for the risk of diabetes was decreased from 1.91 (95% CI: 1.37–2.67; P<0.001 for trend) to 1.48 (95% CI: 1.03–2.12; P = 0.036 for trend) in men, and from 5.40 (95% CI: 3.38–8.63; P<0.001 for trend) to 1.43 (95% CI: 0.83–2.43; P = 0.498 for trend) in women, and the ORs for IR was decreased from 1.86 (95% CI: 1.57–2.20; P<0.001 for trend) to 1.25 (95% CI: 1.05–1.50; P = 0.114 for trend) in men, and from 1.93 (95% CI: 1.63–2.28; P<0.001 for trend) to 1.24 (95% CI: 1.01–1.51; P = 0.012 for trend) in women.ConclusionOur results provide evidence that serum ferritin levels are significantly associated with lipid parameters, independent of glucose metabolism disorders and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, serum ferritin plays a key role in energy metabolism disorders and may affect glucose metabolism through lipid metabolism.

Molecular ferroelectrics have gradually aroused great interest in both fundamental scientific researches and technological applications because of their easy processing, lightweight, and mechanical flexibility. Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectrics (HOIPFs), as a class of molecule-based ferroelectrics, have diverse functionalities owing to their unique structure and become a hot spot in molecular ferroelectrics research. Therefore, they are extremely attractive in the field of ferroelectric. However, it seems to be a lack of systematic review of their design, performance, and potential applications. Herein, we review the recent development of HOIPFs from lead-based, lead-free, metal-free perovskites and outline the versatility of these ferroelectrics, including piezoelectricity for mechanical energy harvesting and optoelectronic properties for photovoltaics and light detection. Furthermore, a perspective view of the challenges and future directions of HOIPFs is also highlighted.