This research aimed to evaluate the effect of adding different polymeric waste percentages and types on the physical, mechanical, thermal and durability properties of soil-cement bricks. Tire and PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) waste were evaluated at 1.5 and 3.0% percentages. The soil was characterized in terms of shrinkage, compaction, consistency limits, particle size and chemical analyses, whereas the waste particles were submitted to morphological characterization. The bricks were produced in an automatic press with a 90: 10 (m/m) soil: cement ratio. The soil-cement bricks were characterized by density, moisture, water absorption, loss of mass by immersion, compressive strength, thermal conductivity and microstructural analysis. PET waste stood out for its use as reinforcement in soil-cement bricks. The best performance was obtained for bricks reinforced with 1.5% PET, which showed a significant compressive strength improvement, meeting the marketing standards criteria, even after the durability test, as well as obtaining the lowest thermal conductivity values. The percentage increase from 1.5% to 3.0% fostered a significant water absorption and loss of mass increase, as well as a significant compressive strength reduction of the bricks.
RESUMO: Muitas alternativas vêm sendo estudadas sobre o emprego de resíduos agrícolas, agroindustriais e florestais na produção de painéis aglomerados na tentativa de aproveitar os resíduos oriundos desses ramos, que por muitas vezes geram problemas ambientais devido à sua destinação incorreta. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de utilização do resíduo gerado durante o processo de produção da celulose (UKP), na fabricação de painéis MDP (Medium Density Particleboard). As proporções utilizadas para a substituição da madeira de Pinus oocarpa pelo resíduo foram de 15, 30, 45 e 60% (em massa), utilizando o adesivo ureia-formaldeído. Foram realizados os ensaios de densidade aparente (DA), absorção de água após duas e vinte e quatro horas de imersão (AA2h e AA24h), inchamento em espessura após duas e vinte e quatro horas de imersão (IE2h e IE24h), ligação interna (LI), e módulo de elasticidade (MOE) e módulo de ruptura (MOR) à flexão estática. A utilização de partículas de resíduo UKP para a produção de painéis MDP se mostrou prejudicial, uma vez que acarretou na diminuição das propriedades mecânicas e no aumento dos valores de absorção de água e inchamento em espessura.Palavras-chave: material lignocelulósico; propriedades físico-mecânicas; ureia-formaldeído MDP panels produced with pulp extraction residues ABSTRACT: Many alternatives have been studied on the use of agricultural, agroindustrial and forest residues in the production of particleboard in an attempt to take advantage of the residues from these branches, which often generate environmental problems due to their incorrect destination. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of the waste generated during the pulp production process (UKP) in the manufacture of MDP panels. The proportions used for the replacement of Pinus oocarpa wood by the residue were 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% (by mass), using the urea-formaldehyde binder. The apparent density (DA), water absorption after two and twenty four hours of immersion (AA2h and AA24h), thickness swelling after two and twenty four hours of immersion (IE2h and IE24h), internal LI), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) to static bending. The use of UKP residue particles for the production of MDP panels proved to be detrimental since it resulted in a decrease in mechanical properties and an increase in water absorption values and thickness swelling.
Heat treatment aims to reduce the compression stresses generated during the panel production, improving its dimensional stability and providing greater resistance to attack by xylophagous organisms, despite decreasing the mechanical properties. This work aimed to evaluate the physical-mechanical properties of medium density particleboard (MDP) of Eucalyptus sp. subjected to post-heat treatment with two temperature levels (200 and 260ºC) and two periods (5 or 10 minutes). The apparent density, water absorption and thickness swelling (TS) after 2 and 24h, internal bonding, MOE and MOR in static bending were evaluated. The post-heat treatment at 200 °C for 5 minutes was the most efficient, improving the TS, with smaller reductions in the mechanical properties. The temperature had a greater influence in the first hours of immersion in water (TS2h), while for a longer period (TS24h) the heat treatment time was more effective. The temperature influenced the mechanical properties more negatively than the heat treatment time.
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