The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been increasing year by year all over the world and expanding greatly to the younger population, which becomes the leading causes of death globally that threatens human life safety. Prediction of the occurrence of diseases by using risk related adverse events is crucial for screening and early detection of CVDs. Thus, the discovery of new biomarkers that related to risks of CVDs are of urgent in the field. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a 21-kDa adipokine, mainly secreted by adipocytes. Besides its well-established function in the induction of insulin resistance, it has also been found in recent years to be closely associated with CVDs and other risk factors, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. In this review, we mainly focus on the progress of research that establishes the correlation between RBP4 and CVDs and the corresponding major risk factors in recent years.
Objective
To investigate the relations between blood lipid level, plasma atherogenic index and coronary artery structural changes in patients with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
Method
209 patients who had accomplished Coronary CT Angiography (coronary CTA) are selected. the patients were classified into subclinical coronary atherosclerosis group (n = 124) and the normal group (n = 85). The clinical data of all patients were collected. Non-high-density lipoprotein, plasma atherogenic index, Castelli risk index and atherosclerosis coefficient were calculated according to the four items of blood lipids.
Results
There were significant differences between the subclinical coronary atherosclerosis group and the normal group in terms of gender, smoking history, and history of Hyperuricemia (P < 0.05), and the levels of Non-HDL-C, CRI-1, CRI-2, and AC were slightly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05).There was a correlation between subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and calcification score (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that Smoking, Age and CRI-2 were independent risk factors for subclinical coronary atherosclerotic. The ROC of subclinical coronary atherosclerotic lesions diagnosed by CRI-2 was the largest, 0.611 (0.531–0.69).
Conclusion
Smoking, age and plasma CRI-2 level are associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. CRI-2 in the plasma atherogenic index can be used for early screening of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis patients.
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