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Strains of ‘Gala’ apples with highly red-colored skins have been planted in new orchards based on consumer interest and financial returns to the producers. The effect of somatic mutation may not be limited to change in fruit skin appearance. In this study, six ‘Gala’ strains were compared regarding fruit maturity and quality attributes at commercial harvest time and after 210 days in controlled atmosphere cold storage plus seven days shelf-life. Experimental orchards were established in three regions and fruit assessed over four seasons. The fruit skin red color area was highest in ‘Baigent’ and ‘Galaxy’, and lowest in ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Imperial Gala’. Fruit of ‘Maxi Gala’ and ‘Gala Real’ had intermediate skin coloration among the six strains. There was no difference among the strains regarding the fruit weight, starch index, flesh firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) at harvest, and flesh firmness, SSC and TA after storage. Fruit of the six ‘Gala’ strains were equally affected by physiological disorders (flesh browning, fruit cracking, calcium deficiency disorders and shrivel) and fungal diseases (external decay, core rot and Glomerella cingulata spot) during storage, indicating that they have similar storability. Only ‘Imperial Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ exhibited superficial scald, an unusual disorder for ‘Gala’ cultivar. Harvest management and potential economic impacts of highly red colored fruit of ‘Gala’ strains are discussed.

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A macieira, em geral, apresenta autoincompatibilidade gametofítica, e por isso, faz-se necessário eleger genótipos polinizadores eficientes para cada cultivar copa. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar genótipos polinizadores para as macieiras SCS425 Luiza e SCS427 Elenise a partir da genotipagem dos alelos S, via marcadores de DNA, associada à realização de cruzamentos teste a campo. Nos ciclos de 2014/15 e 2017/18, as polinizações a campo foram conduzidas em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, constituídas por 25 inflorescências de duas flores cada. Foram utilizados conjuntos de primers específicos para identificação de 16 alelos S, via PCR. Todos os genótipos testados podem ser indicados como possíveis polinizadores, respectivamente, para a ‘SCS425 Luiza’ (S5S9): a 135/114 (S3S19), a 135/140 (S3S?), a SCS433 Felix 3 (S3S26) - compatíveis; e a SCS431 Felix 1 (S4S5) e a SCS426 Venice (S3S9) - semicompatíveis; e para a ‘SCS427 Elenise’ (S3S23): a SCS431 Felix 1 (S4S5), e a SCS436 Felix 6 (S5S?) - compatíveis; e SCS433 Felix 3 (S3S26) e SCS435 Felix 5 (S3S4) - semicompatíveis.

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The objective of this study was to determine the relationship among dry matter content (DMC) and maturity indexes at harvest and quality of ‘Gala’ apples after storage. Apple fruit of four ‘Gala’ strains produced on two rootstocks and three growing regions were used for experiments 1 and 2. For all experiments, fruit harvest maturity was assessed one day after harvest and stored fruit was assessed after removal from storage plus seven days at 22 °C. For experiment 1, fruit were harvested weekly along the final stages of growth and maturation on the tree. For experiment 2, fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and stored under a controlled atmosphere at 0.7 oC for 195 days. For experiment 3, fruit from two orchards were harvested at commercial maturity and stored in air at 1oC for 50, 110, or 194 days. DMC did not change during the final stages of fruit growth, however, there were significant changes in fruit firmness, starch index, and soluble solids content (SSC) during the same period. At the commercial harvest, fruit DMC showed high correlation with SSC, titratable acidity (TA) and firmness. DMC assessed at the commercial harvest also showed high correlation after storage with SSC and TA but not with firmness or flesh browning (FB). DMC decreased slightly during storage. The results show that DMC is not a reliable index to determine ‘Gala’ apple maturity at harvest, or to predict fruit firmness and FB after storage. However, DMC at harvest has potential to predict SSC and TA after storage, two important fruit quality traits. Fruit density at harvest showed utility to predict risk of flesh browning after storage.

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