Novel Pasar karya Kuntowijoyo mengisahkan pertentangan yang terjadi antara Pak Mantri dan Kasan Ngali. Keduanya warga Kecamatan Gemolong. Pak Mantri bekerja sebagai mantri pasar Gemolong sudah puluhan tahun. Pengalamannya mengelola pasar sudah tidak diragukan lagi. Sedangkan Kasan Ngali adalah seorang pedagang kaya raya. Permasalahan dalam riset ini adalah bagaimana konflik yang terjadi dan melibatkan tokoh Pak Mantri dan Kasan Ngali. Sedangkan tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui konflik yang terjadi di antara kedua tokoh tersebut. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif interpretasi sosiologi sastra, dan teknik studi pustaka. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori konflik sosial dari Karl Marx. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik antara Pak Mantri dan Kasan Ngali mengenai pengelolaan pasar. Kehadiran pasar dan bank kredit milik Kasan Ngali membuat konflik sosial semakin luas karena Pak Mantri beranggapan bahwa kepentingan umum lebih utama daripada kepentingan pribadi. Pak Mantri melihat Kasan Ngali hanya ingin mencari keuntungan yang besar dari bisnisnya.

yang mempunyai minat pada masalah sosial politik Asia Tenggara khususnya Indonesia. Pada tahun 1993, ia menemukan salinan dari laporan-laporan mengenai Kongres Perempuan Pertama di Perpustakaan Nasional Jakarta. Ia merasa terpanggil untuk menerbitkan ulang isi dari edisi perdana majalah Isteri yang memuat pidato-pidato Kongres Perempuan Pertama pada tanggal 22 Desember 1928. Kedudukan perempuan di tengah masyarakat, pada masa itu, belum setara karena dominasi laki-laki terhadap perempuan sangat kuat. Sistem patriarki tradisional yang dianut oleh hampir sebagian besar bangsa Indonesia (kecuali suku Minang, Bugis, dan Makassar), pada masa itu membuat ruang gerak kaum perempuan terbatas. Kongres Perempuan Pertama diselenggarakan di Mataram Yogyakarta. Gagasan penyelenggaraan kongres tersebut adalah untuk membangunkan kesadaran kaum perempuan di Indonesia untuk memperjuangkan hak-hak mereka dan meningkatkan keberhasilan kaum perempuan meneruskan apa yang sudah dicapai oleh pendahulu mereka. Kongres tersebut digagas oleh tiga orang perempuan Indonesia, yaitu Soejatin, Nyi Hadjar Dewantoro, dan R.A. Soekonto. Semangat ketiga perempuan pencetus kongres tersebut memperlihatkan nasionalisme yang tinggi dalam mendukung perjuangan pergerakan nasionalisme Indonesia (hlm. xiii). Pentingnya kongres tersebut terlihat dengan disepakatinya tanggal 22 Desember sebagai Hari Ibu, bahkan pada tahun 1950, pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan tanggal 22 Desember sebagai Hari Besar Nasional (hlm. xii).

Russia has a culture of communal living that already existed far before the Soviet era. In the soviet regime, communal living was seen as an instrument to reach Soviet’s utopian objective. In order to minimize dissident movements and rebellions, people are pressed to live together so they can watch each other. As a result, no Russian word could describe privacy, the concept itself did not grow in Russian society. Although consciousness of privacy needs began to grow. In the meantime, people around the world start to fix privacy issues by formulating the law, while Soviet people still dealing with the concept itself. Many of Russian films shows the privacy issue in Soviet communal life, one of them is a film by Kantemir Balagov (2019) titled Дылда/Dylda (Beanpole). The film is relatively new, therefore, not much previous research about it. By analyzing how the film Дылда shows privacy in Soviet communal life, it will reveal that now is seeing privacy as an issue. With the three dimensional view of CDA, the result obtained is that critiques arise for this ‘crisis of privacy’ as a consequence of lacking privacy by people outside Soviet.

Novel is able to present the development of one character, complex social situations, relationships involving many or few characters, and complicated events that occurred several years ago in detail. Novel The King was written by Iksana Banu, an famous Indonesian author and artist.   He published the novel in 2017. The King tell the story about people who work in Kretek Cigarette factory. They have to struggle how to defend the cigarette factory from competition with other factories, and worldwide economic depression. The main character, Philip Gerardus Rechterhand, a Dutch man who borned in Indonesia. Intrinsic (character and setting), and extrinsic (sociology of literature, personality theory, and history) approaches are using to analyze this research. Kretek become part of society life, and many people have economic dependence on the kretek factory.

While the majority of people regard death as a frightening event, human beings evince a remarkable variety in the ways in which they confront and tackle death. Human reactions to death can range from being terrified to welcoming. This article explores how the protagonist in Lyudmila Ulitskaya's novel, The Funeral Party, handles his being when he is diagnosed with an unidentified sickness and is faced with the prospect of premature death. The present study attempts to elucidate the protagonist's endeavor to achieve authenticity despite his impending death. To this end, this paper scrutinizes the text for his actions and choices on the basis of Tillich's [1] existentialism. The article hypothesizes that Alik achieves authenticity in his handling and confrontation of his death. The data for the analysis are compiled via a study of the extant literature. A descriptive qualitative analysis is performed on the obtained data. The findings of this study validate the hypothesis and reveal that the protagonist does attain his desired authenticity through three significant actions: taking charge of his own choices, fully participating as a member of his society, and demonstrating acceptance by being grateful for his illness.