Geographic tongue is a chronic, inflammatory, and immune-mediated oral lesion of unknown etiology. It is characterized by serpiginous white areas around the atrophic mucosa, which alternation between activity, remission and reactivation at various locations gave the names benign migratory glossitis and wandering rash of the tongue. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with frequent cutaneous involvement and an immunogenetic basis of great importance in clinical practice. The association between geographic tongue and psoriasis has been demonstrated in various studies, based on observation of its fundamental lesions, microscopic similarity between the two conditions and the presence of a common genetic marker, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) HLA-C*06. The difficulty however in accepting the diagnosis of geographic tongue as oral psoriasis is the fact that not all patients with geographic tongue present psoriasis. Some authors believe that the prevalence of geographic tongue would be much greater if psoriatic patients underwent thorough oral examination. This study aimed to develop a literature review performed between 1980 and 2014, in which consultation of theses, dissertations and selected scientific articles were conducted through search in Scielo and Bireme databases, from Medline and Lilacs sources, relating the common characteristics between geographic tongue and psoriasis. We observed that the frequency of oral lesions is relatively common, but to establish a correct diagnosis of oral psoriasis, immunohistochemical and genetic histopathological analyzes are necessary, thus highlighting the importance of oral examination in psoriatic patients and cutaneous examination in patients with geographic tongue.

Geographic tongue (GT) and fissured tongue (FT) are the more frequent oral lesions in patients with psoriasis. The aims of this study were to compare the prevalence of GT/FT between psoriasis group (PG) and healthy controls (HC) and investigate the correlation between GT/FT and psoriasis severity using the PASI and age of psoriasis onset. Three hundred and forty-eight PG and 348 HC were selected. According to the age of psoriasis onset, the individuals were classified as having early psoriasis and late psoriasis. The severity of vulgaris psoriasis was determined according to PASI. A follow-up was conducted in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV) with GT to evaluate the progression of oral and cutaneous lesions. The FT and GT were more frequent in PG than in HC. The incidence of GT was higher in patients with early psoriasis and that of FT in late-psoriasis. There is association between psoriasis intensity and GT; and a higher monthly decrease of PASI score in patients without GT. The presence of GT and FT is higher in PG than in the HC. GT is associated with disease severity and may be a marker of the psoriasis severity.

GT is a symptomatic lesion with a thick halo. In contrast, psoriatic patients are frequently asymptomatic and exhibit severe lesions with greater loss of papillae that are associated with severe FT. The present study is the first to demonstrate clinical differences in the GT of patients with and without psoriasis, suggesting that some GT cases may represent true oral psoriasis and some cases may represent only GT.

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BackgroundPsoriasis is a skin-articular disease with unclear etiopathogenesis. It has been suggested that the disease is immune-mediated by T-lymphocytes, predominantly Th17 cells. Similar to psoriasis, geographic tongue is an inflammatory disease with participation of Th17 cells and direct correlation with psoriasis.ObjectiveTo investigate and compare the inflammatory responses and the Th17 pathway in psoriasis and geographic tongue.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study with 46 participants that were categorized into three groups: (A) patients with psoriasis vulgaris; (B) patients with geographic tongue and psoriasis; (C) patients with geographic tongue without psoriasis. All patients underwent physical examination, and a skin and oral biopsy for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis with anti-IL6, anti-IL17, and anti-IL23 antibodies.ResultsHistological analysis of all lesions showed mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. However, moderate intensity was prevalent for the patients with geographic tongue and psoriasis and geographic tongue groups. Immunopositivity for the antibodies anti-IL6, anti-IL17, and anti-IL23 revealed cytoplasmic staining, mainly basal and parabasal, in both psoriasis and geographic tongue. Regarding IL-6, in patients with geographic tongue and psoriasis cases the staining was stronger than in patients with geographic tongue without psoriasis cases. IL-17 evidenced more pronounced and extensive staining when compared to the other analyzed interleukins. IL-23 presented similar immunopositivity for both geographic tongue and psoriasis, demonstrating that the neutrophils recruited into the epithelium were stained.Study limitationThis study was limited by the number of cases.ConclusionThe inflammatory process and immunostaining of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 were similar in geographic tongue and psoriasis, suggesting the existence of a type of geographic tongue that represents an oral manifestation of psoriasis.

The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of injuries caused by removable prostheses in patients of clinical specialization in dentistry. Of 598 patients, 175 (29%) had some type of associated injury. The lesions found included erythematous candidiasis, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, inflammatory papillary hyperplasia, traumatic ulcer, angular cheilitis, irritative keratosis, and denture stomatitis. Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was the most prevalent lesion, found in 88 patients (50%), followed by erythematous candidiasis in 75 patients (43%). Of the total number of injured patients, 141 (81%) were women and 34 (19%) were men, and 101 patients (58%) were Caucasian and 37 (21%) were black. Most lesions were located in the upper alveolar ridge and the hard palate. The most widely used type of prosthesis was full upper prosthesis with 84 users (48%). The average usage time for all prostheses was 17 years (SD ± 13). Average patient age was 62 years (SD ± 14). The prevalence of injuries caused by removable prostheses is high, and prolonged use of the device and the presence of oral lesions are strongly associated. Moreover, women represent the largest number of users of the prostheses and therefore carry the majority of the injuries.

Objetivo: avaliar o perfil demográfico e odontológico de pacientes com necessidades especiais atendidos em um Centro de Referência no estado do Rio de Janeiro, mostrando suas principais necessidades e a possibilidade de atendimento ambulatorial. Material e Métodos: a amostra foi constituída por 410 pacientes, dos quais foram obtidos dados demográficos e clínicos. Todas as variáveis ??estudadas foram inseridas em um banco de dados para análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: duzentos e vinte e sete (55%) pacientes eram do sexo masculino, 70% eram brancos e a idade média era de 34 anos. O diagnóstico inconclusivo, seguido do transtorno do espectro autista e das incapacidades intelectuais, foram os diagnósticos mais encontrados. A maioria dos pacientes (78%) era da região metropolitana. Em relação às queixas e procedimentos odontológicos, a queixa principal foi a prevenção (28%), e foram realizados 2.902 procedimentos. Em relação aos hábitos de higiene bucal, 264 (64%) pacientes não usaram fio dental e 215 (52%) realizaram escovação três vezes ao dia. Apenas 57 (14%) casos necessitaram do uso de métodos sedativos para realizar o tratamento odontológico. Conclusão: existe uma grande demanda por tratamentos preventivos e restauradores para pacientes com necessidades especiais, destacando a necessidade de práticas diárias de fortalecimento da promoção da saúde bucal. Além disso, podemos ver que a maioria dos tratamentos realizados foi em nível ambulatorial, mostrando que o uso de abordagem adequada é essencial para o tratamento odontológico, desmistificando, assim, o atendimento desses pacientes.