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Objective To provide a systematic review on the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with edentulism among older persons. Background Edentulism (complete loss of the natural teeth) is one of the main problems affecting the oral health of the elderly individuals. Many unfavourable socioeconomic factors are considered important predictors of edentulism. Materials and methods This review was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA). The search for published studies was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Google and Google Scholar. Only observational epidemiological studies published in either English or Portuguese prior to June 2018 were included in our study. The bibliographic and methodological characteristics of the selected studies were evaluated. The Review Manager 5.3 software was used in the meta‐analysis. Results We identified 343 articles, 24 of which met all the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Unfavourable demographic and socioeconomic conditions were associated with the highest proportion of edentulous individuals. Age, level of education, and socioeconomic status were the main factors that were found to influence edentulism among elderly individuals. The meta‐analysis results showed a lower risk of edentulism in men (OR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.90‐0.96) and no significant differences in the risk of developing edentulism among different races/ethnicities or skin colours (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.45‐1.01). Conclusion Better socioeconomic conditions and male sex were identified as protective factors against edentulism among older individuals. Thus, public policies aimed at helping the most vulnerable populations must be implemented.

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem, which requires enhanced self-care in order to avoid complications. However, cognitive impairment can reduce these abilities and may affect health literacy (HL) of patients in terms to understand and apply information. Therefore, this study evaluated the correlation between cognitive condition and HL related to medication adherence, physical activity and nutritional status among people living with DM. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among elderly people (≥ 60 years old) with DM. The cognitive condition was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the HL using the following questionnaires: Literacy Assessment for Diabetes (LAD-60), Nutritional Literacy among People with Diabetes (NLD), Health Literacy on the Practice of Physical Activities among Diabetics (HLPPA - D), and Health Literacy regarding Drug Adherence among Diabetics (HLDA-D). Sociodemographic and biochemical profile was also evaluated. Spearman correlation was used (p < 0.05). Results 187 individuals with DM were included. Regarding laboratory analyses, insulin dosage had a mean value of 12.3 microUI/mL (SD: ±15.7), mean blood glucose was 148.1 mg/dl (SD: ±59.7) and mean HbA1c was 7.54 % (SD: ±1.8). In the correlation analysis, higher age and lower income were weakly correlated with lower cognitive level. No correlation was identified for biochemical variables and cognitive condition. A positive and weak correlation between cognition and HL was observed in the studied population. Conclusions In older people living with DM the cognitive condition is correlated to specific topics of HL (nutritional status, physical activity and medication adherence).

This study showed that SG leads to weight loss and improves metabolic parameters. Changes in the expression of RAS components and of inflammatory molecules in adipose tissue seem to play a role the before beneficial effects of the SG.

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This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (X 2 /df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (X 2 /df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability.

Objetivo:  Comparar dados epidemiológicos e clínicos, acesso a exames diagnósticos e tempo do início dos sintomas até o tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes com apendicite aguda (AA) durante a pandemia de COVID-19 ao período correspondente do ano anterior (não pandêmico). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico e retrospectivo, realizado a partir de registros médicos de pacientes com AA em um hospital de referência em Montes Claros – Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultados: Na vigência da pandemia, houve acréscimo de 10,7% nos casos de AA; o acesso à propedêutica não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa (exames laboratoriais: p = 0,059; ultrassonografia de abdome: p = 0,576 e tomografia computadorizada de abdome: p = 0,593) e o tratamento cirúrgico foi realizado em todos os pacientes com diagnóstico de AA, não sendo indicado tratamento conservador. Prevaleceram achados de AA em fases iniciais nos exames anatomopatológicos das peças cirúrgicas, sem diferença estatística nos períodos avaliados (p = 0,905). Conclusões: Apesar da sobrecarga dos serviços de saúde durante o período pandêmico, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa dos dados epidemiológicos e clínicos, do acesso aos exames laboratoriais e de imagem, assim como da indicação e realização de procedimento cirúrgico da AA, contribuindo para o manejo dessa patologia de modo correlato ao período não pandêmico.