The production of vigorous seeds, which achieve high yields, has been a common desire among farmers, seed quality is still determined within the field. However, the post-harvest stages play an important role in maintaining this quality so that the feasibility remain until the consumption of this product. Therefore, it is extremely important to carry out studies that involve the dynamics between drying, storage and packaging to establish the best way of conducting this storage period in order to maintain the physiological aspects of the seeds. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the physiological quality of sunflower seeds stored in different packages for 270 days. Seeds with a moisture content of 7.9% (wb) were packed in paper bags, polypropylene containers, high density polyethylene bottles (HDPB) and reused polyethylene terephthalate (PT) bottles, which were kept at ambient conditions for 270 days. Every 90 days the seeds were evaluated for moisture content, electrical conductivity, germination, germination speed index, normal seedlings and dry mass of normal seedlings. The packaging and storage time influence the physiological quality of sunflower seeds. It is concluded that paper packaging promotes better maintenance of the physiological quality of sunflower seeds.
objetivos de obter as isotermas de dessorção e os valores de calor isostérico integral de dessorção das sementes de algodão sem e com línter. Foram utilizadas sementes de algodão da cultivar BRS 269 (Buriti), colhidas e beneficiada em unidade de beneficiamento de sementes no município de Santa Helena de Goiás, GO. Em seguida, foram submetidas à secagem em estufa com ventilação de ar forçada a 50 °C até atingir os teores de água de 4,08; 5,21; 5,90; 6,98 e 9,30 % b.s. para as sementes sem línter, e 5,47; 6,15; 7,17 e 8,13% b.s. para as sementes com línter. As isotermas de dessorção das sementes de algodão foram obtidas pelo método estático indireto, sendo a atividade de água (aw) determinada por meio do equipamento Hygropalm Model Aw 1. Para o controle da temperatura, utilizou-se uma B.O.D., regulada a 10, 20, 30 e 40 °C. Aos dados experimentais, foram ajustados os modelos matemáticos frequentemente utilizados para representação da higroscopicidade de produtos agrícolas. Os modelos de Henderson Modificado e Chung-Pfost são os que melhores representam a higroscopicidade das sementes de algodão com e sem línter, respectivamente. O calor isostérico integral de dessorção aumenta com a redução do teor de água independentemente do tratamento da semente, sendo os maiores valores para as sementes com línter. Termos para indexação: Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch, atividade de água, higroscopicidade, teor de água de equilíbrio.
The objective of this study to evaluate the physiological quality during storage of cotton seeds collected in different positions of the gravity table after their processing. Cotton seeds were used (Gossypium hirsutum L. r.) BRS 269 - Buriti, with an initial moisture content of 9.98±0.48% wet basis (wb). Initially the seeds were processed and were later passed on the gravity and separate table. The seeds were stored in a natural environment. The treatments were collection points in gravity table: control (only benefited seeds); 0 and 16 cm (A); 16 to 32 cm (B); 32 to 48 cm (C); 48-64 cm (D); 64-80 cm (E) and 80 to 96cm (F) and storage time (0, 60, 120 and 180 days). They were evaluated during storage water content, bulk density, germination, germination speed index (GSI), low temperature germination and electrical conductivity. The moisture content and bulk density show variations during storage. During storage, germination at low temperature decreased while increasing electrical conductivity for all treatments indicating a loss of quality during storage, and these behaviors were less severe for the treatment and the greater intensity for the treatment F. Discarding the seeds of the lower part (Treatment F) gravity table during transfer contributes to improving the physiological quality of batches of cotton seeds.
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