Полтавська державна аграрна академія, Полтава, УкраїнаРезюме. У сучасних умовах на ефективність функціонування підприємства впливає комплекс політичних, економічних та соціальних чинників. Для конкурентоспроможності підприємства є досить важливим етапом установлення ціни, адже метою його функціонування є отримання максимального прибутку. Крім того, підприємству необхідно не лише виробити, а й збути свою продукцію з умовою отримання прибутку, а це стає можливим лише за правильного вибору цінової та збутової політики.При проведенні дослідження виявлено, що в управлінні конкурентоспроможністю підприємства важливу роль відіграють елементи маркетингу, а саме збутова та цінова політика. Вони займають одну з ключових позицій у діяльності підприємства, адже вони є заключним етапом його функціонування, а точніше реалізації споживачам кінцевого продукту. Отже, досліджено, що в управлінні конкурентоспроможністю підприємства є взаємозв'язок між збутовою та ціновою діяльністю. При цьому досить важливо є правильно організувати збутову та цінову діяльність, оскільки вони є важливими елементами, від яких залежить ефективність діяльності підприємства.
Ukrainian tourism as a type of entrepreneurship before and during the war was analyzed in the article. It has been noted that Ukraine is a hospitable country, endowed with incredible nature, ancient culture and has delicious food. But since February 24, 2022, the country has completely lost inbound tourist traffic, business tourism came to a halt, and local tourism turned into the migration of internally displaced persons. It has been determined that the longer the war in Ukraine continues, the more Europe suffers from it as well. Accordingly, the slogan “Stand with Ukraine”, which sounds like the call for help, was proposed to be transformed into “to visit and help”. It has been studied that great opportunities will open up for inbound tourism after the war. At first, routes related to the war and remarkable post-war locations will be relevant. At the same time, the beauty and hospitality of Ukraine will attract tourists. After the victory, Ukraine will be among the top five countries in the world attractive to visit. The sky is open, or at least nominally safe.
The idea of the essence of notions “energy independence” and “energy efficiency” was extended in the article taking into account the promising directions of developing energy saving, ensuring the harmonious system development. The energy policy in the populated localities of European countries was analyzed in the article and also their practical experience concerning the questions of energy independence and energy efficiency was studied. Special attention was paid to the Polish experience, because the country has the greatest number of energy independent populated localities among other European countries. The European experience of energy policy enabled to reveal economic, ecological, and social levers of forming and developing energy independence and energy efficiency of populated localities, forming the system of their management. The necessity of introducing consolidated state policy as to raising energy independence and energy efficiency of populated localities was proven, their priority directions and assistance in introducing the corresponding projects in the populated localities of Ukraine were determined. The necessity and peculiarities of energy management system for the need of project management in energy independence and energy efficiency of populated localities were investigated. Practical recommendations as to optimizing the management system of energy independence and energy efficiency of populated localities in Ukraine were developed
The current state of logistic sector development in Ukraine, features of its formation and development, focusing on export and import of transport services according to their types are considered in this paper. The preconditions for the need to form an efficient logistics system of the national economy, which is be able to ensure the transport capacity of export-import and transit flows, are outlined. Factors that significantly affect the quality of the logistics market in Ukraine, including the imperfection of certain provisions of customs legislation, lack of transparency and openness of customs, deteriorating quality of transport infrastructure and the lack of simplified rules for determining the origin of goods are highlighted. The need for systematic analysis of strengths and weaknesses of the domestic business environment in determining the impact of various factors on the level and dynamics of competitiveness of the national logistics structure are substantiated, the effective strategy for its operation in the global competitive environment is developed. The volume of exports of services and imports of transport services of Ukraine is investigated by geographical structure and the models of trend indicators confirming the possibility of forecasting the volumes of transport services are built. It is proved that Ukraine’s disposition in the global economic dimension and ability to provide efficient logistics can be traced by its place among other countries in international ratings assessed by world organizations, analytical institutions and experts from the world using general statistics based on special social, economic and political indices. The share of export-import logistics services in foreign trade is investigated by types, structure and dynamics. The positions of Ukraine in the rating of Logistic Performance Index, which determines the state of trade logistics at the national and international levels, are analyzed, the main trends of its change are determined and the factors that cause such changes are identified. Problems of international transport and logistics systems functioning are revealed and the ways to improve the market of logistics services in Ukraine are proposed. The directions of further research concerning the increase in the level of efficiency of transport logistics of Ukraine on the world market are determined.
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