ABSTRACT. The Ranunculus species are mostly known for their toxic effect due to the anemonine and protoanemonine content. This paper studies the polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of four different spontaneous species from Ranunculus genus (Ranunculaceae family) harvested from Western Romania's spontaneous flora. The polyphenols profile was established by TLC and UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by different in vitro methods: DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, CUPRAC and SNP. From the studied species were prepared two different extracts: hydroalcoholic extracts (HA) respectively glycerol-ethanol extracts (GE). The study indicates that the highest total flavonoid content is in R. ficaria herb HA extract (23 % mg/ml), while the total phenolic acids are the highest in R. bulbosus herb GE extract (14,88 % mg/ml). The most important antioxidant activity was observed at GE extracts obtained from herb of R. ficaria, R. sardous and R. bulbosus. With the less antioxidant effect are the R. sceleratus extracts.
The increased search for herbal products has generated an increasing interest in improving the quality control of extracts by pharmaceutical industry since these are raw materials of great importance by their quality and versatility. Thermal analysis such as thermogravimetry (TG) is a technique of high sensitivity, reproductibility and rapid response to variations in mass, obtaining results related to the composition and thermal stability of the sample, being important to the characterization of raw plants. Thermogravimetric techniques and differential scaning calorimetry (DSC) used for the study of pre-formulation of drug-excipient compatibility have been gaining importance. These techniques are being used for the verification of possible interactions between drugs and excipients. Aiming at studying the behavior of a plant extract, using these thermoanalytical techniques, the plant species Nigella damascena semen and Nigella damascena herba was used. This plant has healing and anti-inflammatory properties. The methodology for obtaining the extract followed the European Pharmacopoeia methodology. The TG and DSC curves were obtained under nitrogen and air atmosphere (20 mL/min) at a heating rate of 10�C/min. The TG and DSC tests were analyzed within a temperature range from 25 to 1000�C.
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