Abstract:This study was performed to evaluate the phenolic profile, antioxidant and diuretic effects of black cumin and lady-in-a-mist seeds. In the phenolic profile, differences between the two species are significant. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the phenolic compounds were performed using a HPLC-UV/MS method. Hyperoside was the only identified flavonoid glycoside (1.08 ± 0.01 μg·g dw plant material). The antioxidant potential of the two species was tested through several electron transfer assays, which indicated, excepting for the FRAP assay, N. damascena as exhibiting a higher free radical scavenging activity. The diuretic activity of the two extracts was tested using a rat-experimental model on acute diuresis. Administration of the ethanolic extract of N. sativa (100 mg·kg −1 ) resulted in a significant increase in urine volume, although less than found with the reference drug; in OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2015, 20 9561 addition N. damascena extract did not present a diuretic effect. In reference to the elimination of Na + , K + and uric acid, the black cumin extract exhibited a higher natriuretic than kaluretic effect and a similar uricosuric effect with control and N. damascena. For N. damascena, the Na + /K + ratio was sub unitary, but not due to an increasing of the kaluretic effect, but mostly to a decrease of Na + excretion.
In recent years polyurethane microstructures (PM) have gained increasing attention in the pharmaceutical field due to the importance of their practical application. Since finding that such a formulation with genistein could improve its applications, we have conducted a preliminary study regarding the in vitro antiproliferative (MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and T47D) and antimicrobial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis (D), Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, and Candida albicans) activity in order to test whether polyurethane micro structuresre present a good option for further modulation of genistein's bioavailability. It was concluded that the polyurethane micro structures are a bad in vitro partner for the isoflavone genistein.
Thermal analysis is one of the most frequently used instrumental techniques in the pharmaceutical research, for the thermal characterization of different materials from solids to semi-solids, which are of pharmaceutical relevance. In this paper, simultaneous thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for characterization of the thermal behaviour of candesartan cilexetil -active substance (C-AS) under dynamic nitrogen atmosphere and nonisothermal conditions, in comparison with pharmaceutical product containing the corresponding active substance. It was observed that the commercial samples showed a different thermal profile than the standard sample, caused by the presence of excipients in the pharmaceutical product and to possible interaction of these with the active substance. The Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) were used as complementary techniques adequately implement and assist in interpretation of the thermal results. The main conclusion of this comparative study was that the TG/DTG and DSC curves, together with the FT-IR spectra, respectively X-ray difractograms constitute believe data for the discrimination between the pure substance and pharmaceutical forms.
ABSTRACT. The Ranunculus species are mostly known for their toxic effect due to the anemonine and protoanemonine content. This paper studies the polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of four different spontaneous species from Ranunculus genus (Ranunculaceae family) harvested from Western Romania's spontaneous flora. The polyphenols profile was established by TLC and UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by different in vitro methods: DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, CUPRAC and SNP. From the studied species were prepared two different extracts: hydroalcoholic extracts (HA) respectively glycerol-ethanol extracts (GE). The study indicates that the highest total flavonoid content is in R. ficaria herb HA extract (23 % mg/ml), while the total phenolic acids are the highest in R. bulbosus herb GE extract (14,88 % mg/ml). The most important antioxidant activity was observed at GE extracts obtained from herb of R. ficaria, R. sardous and R. bulbosus. With the less antioxidant effect are the R. sceleratus extracts.
The aim of the study was to assess the polyphenolic profile, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Arctium lappa, a medicinal plant traditionally used in the treatment of gout, hepatitis and other inflammatory disorders. Polyphenolic profile of a hydro-glycero-ethanolic extract from Arctium lappa roots (ALE) was evaluated by HPLC-MS method. Antiinflammatory effect of the Arctium lappa extract (ALE) was determined by carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema test, while antinociceptive effect was determined by acetic acid induced writhing test in mice and Randall Selitto test in rats. HPLC-MS analysis of the extract showed the presence of chlorogenic acid (158.9 μg/mL) and quercitrin (14.4 μg/mL). The administration of ALE reduced the oedema formation in the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema test, especially at dose of 500 mg/kg, the results being statistically significant and dose-dependent. Also, ALE showed statistically significant and dosedependent antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid induced writhing test in mice and Randall Selitto test in rats. The results of the pharmacological experiments suggest that the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of the Arctium lappa extract (ALE) may be related to the ability of polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid to inhibit the synthesis and release of some proinflammatory mediators. Our experimental data justify the traditional use of this plant in the management of some inflammatory diseases.
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