A utilização de dispositivos transitórios de ancoragem, como coadjuvante no tratamento ortodôntico, tem demonstrado, nos últimos anos, alta versatilidade de aplicação clínica, principalmente no que tange o uso dos miniimplantes. Estes aparatos surgem como alternativa para os casos em que a ancoragem se torna fator crítico para o sucesso do tratamento ortodôntico. Neste artigo, buscamos uma abordagem ampla do tema, incluindo: locais de instalação, procedimentos cirúrgicos, indicações, cuidados com a higiene e complicações mais freqüentes na utilização dos miniimplantes.

The use of a standardized terminology in the medical sciences is essential for both clinical practice and scientific research. In addition to facilitating communication between professionals, it enhances the reliability of comparisons made between studies from different areas, thereby contributing to a higher level of scientific evidence. Examples of attempts made to standardize the terminology in other areas dedicated to the study of craniofacial morphology can be found in the literature. On the other hand, one can find in the orthodontic literature a variety of terms that render the consensus and communication between orthodontists and other researchers even more problematic. As an example, one could cite the use of the terms brachyfacial, mesofacial and dolichofacial, which form part of a cranial index terminology used to describe facial types. Thus, a reflection on the origin and differences of the terms used to describe the human facial phenotype may pave the way toward a consensus regarding the meaning that best represents the craniofacial patterns.Keywords: Face. Terminology. Classification. » The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article. A padronização da nomenclatura utilizada nas ciências médicas é fundamental tanto para a prática clínica quanto para a pesquisa científica. Além de facilitar a comunicação entre os profissionais, aumenta a confiabilidade da comparação entre trabalhos de diferentes áreas, favorecendo um melhor nível de evidência científica. Exemplos de esforços, em áreas também voltadas ao estudo da morfologia craniofacial, no sentido de uniformização da terminologia podem ser encontrados na literatura médica. Por outro lado, observa-se na literatura ortodôntica uma diversidade de termos que torna mais difícil o consenso e a comunicação entre ortodontistas e demais pesquisadores. Como exemplo, pode-se citar o uso dos termos braquifacial, mesofacial e dolicofacial, terminologia relativa ao índice craniano utilizada para descrever o tipo facial. Sendo assim, a reflexão sobre a origem e diferenças dos termos utilizados para descrever o fenó-tipo facial humano pode ser útil ao consenso do significado que melhor representa o padrão craniofacial.Palavras-chave: Face. Terminologia. Classificação.

Introdução: a hipertrofia de adenoide é uma das principais causas da respiração bucal. Entre os métodos utilizados para o diagnóstico dessa condição, os mais precisos são a endoscopia nasal e a ressonância magnética. No entanto, o método mais utilizado, em Odontologia, é a radiografia cefalométrica lateral. Objetivo: determinar a eficácia dessa radiografia no diagnóstico da hipertrofia de adenoide, pela sua comparação com a endoscopia nasal. Métodos: foram avaliados 30 indivíduos (7 a 12 anos). Todos fizeram exame de endoscopia nasal e radiografia cefalométrica lateral. Nas endoscopias, foi registrada a porcentagem de obstrução da nasofaringe e, nas radiografias, a menor dimensão anteroposterior livre da nasofaringe. Resultados: os exames se mostraram fortemente correlacionados (r = -0,793, p-valor < 0,01). Considerou-se portadores de hipertrofia severa de adenoide os pacientes que apresentaram, na endoscopia, obstrução da nasofaringe igual ou superior a 75% e, nas radiografias, o menor diâmetro anteroposterior da nasofaringe igual ou inferior a 5mm; o exame radiográfico teve uma sensibilidade de 75%, especificidade de 86,3%, valor preditivo positivo de 66,7%, valor preditivo negativo de 90,4% e exatidão de 83,3%. Conclusão: a radiografia cefalométrica lateral se mostrou um exame eficiente para o diagnóstico da hipertrofia de adenoide. ResumoPalavras-chave: Hipertrofia de adenoide. Endoscopia nasal. Radiografia cefalométrica.

Introduction: Excessive gingival display on smiling is one of the problems that negatively affect smile esthetics and is, in most cases, related to several etiologic factors that act in concert. A systematic evaluation of some aspects of the smile and the position of the lips at rest can facilitate the correct assessment of these patients. Objective: To present a checklist of dentolabial features and illustrate how the use of this record-keeping method during orthodontic diagnosis can help decision making in treating the gummy smile, which usually requires knowledge of orthodontics and other medical and dental specialties. AbstractKeywords: Orthodontics. Esthetics. Smile.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of digital orthodontic setup technology by comparing it with manual setups and models cast at the end of orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Initial models, manual setups, and final models of 20 patients were used. The initial and final models, as well as the manual setups, were scanned using a 3Shape R-700 scanner, while the digital setups were fabricated based on the initial models using 3Shape OrthoAnalyzer software. Evaluation of the models based on the manual setup, digital setup, and final models of each patient was performed using the following linear measurements: intercanine widths, intermolar widths, and length of the upper and lower dental arches. Results:The results disclosed that none of the measures assessed through the manual setup, digital setup, and final models showed statistically significant differences (P . .05). Conclusions: Based on these findings, it can be inferred that digital setups are as effective and accurate as manual setups and constitute a tool for diagnosing and treatment planning that can be reliably reproduced in orthodontic treatments. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:255-259.)

LPT caused significant histological changes in the alveolar bone during induced tooth movement, including alterations in the number of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts and in collagen deposition in both pressure and tension areas.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of low-power laser on tooth movement in rats. Background: Tooth movement is closely related to the process of bone remodeling. The biologic result, with the application of a force to the tooth, is bone absorption on the pressure side and neoformation on the traction side of the alveolar bone. The laser photobiomodulation is capable of providing an increase in cellular metabolism, blood flow, and lymphatic drainage. Methods: Thirty young-adult male Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were divided into two groups, control and experimental, containing 15 animals each. The animals received orthodontic devices calibrated to release a force of 40 g/F, with the purpose of moving the first upper molar mesially. Low-intensity laser, wavelength 790 nm, was used in the experimental group; the dose was 4.5 J/ cm 2 per point, mesial and distal, on the palatal side, 11 J/cm 2 on the buccal side, and this procedure was repeated every 48 h, totaling nine applications. The active movement was clinically evaluated after 7, 13, and 19 days. Results and conclusion: The results showed no statistically significant difference, p ¼ 0.079 (T0-T7), p ¼ 0.597 (T7-T13), and p ¼ 0.550 (T13-T19) between the laser and control groups on the amount of tooth movement in the different times evaluated. It may be concluded that laser phototherapy, with the parameters in the present study, did not significantly increase the amount of tooth displacement during induced orthodontic movement in rodents.

INTRODUCTION: An orthodontic or diagnostic setup consists in cutting and realigning the teeth in plaster models, making it an important resource in orthodontic treatment planning. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of a technique to build an orthodontic setup model and a method to evaluate it. CONCLUSIONS: Although laborious, orthodontic setup procedure and analysis can provide important information such as the need for dental extractions, interproximal stripping, anchorage system, among others