The objective of this study was to analyze micronutrient deficiencies (Ca, Fe, Zn, Vitamin A and C) of Indonesian adults using probability method (PBM) and cutoff point method (CPM). This research was conducted by analyzing secondary data from Total Diet Study of the Ministry of Health of Indonesia, obtained from 24-h food recall method. The subjects were 58, 014 adults aged 19-49 years. The nutrient requirement from Institute of Medicine were used as benchmark. Both PBM and CPM were applied to assess micronutrient deficiencies. The results showed that by applying PBM, the prevalence of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and C deficiencies was 54.2%, 36.4%, 74.3%, 44.8% and 71.4% respectively; while the prevalence of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and C deficiencies using CPM-100 was 63.9%, 42.5%, 80.7%, 55.8% and 81.7% respectively. PBM result showed more men than women were categorized as suffering from Zn, Vitamin A and C deficiencies; and more women were categorized as Ca and Fe deficiencies. The application of CPM-100 tended to result in overestimation compared to PBM. The nutrient densities of Ca, Fe, Zn, Vitamin A and C were higher in women than in men (p <0.05). The nutrient densities of Ca, Zn, vitamin A and C were below the recommended level for both men and women. This implies micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent among Indonesian adults thus there is a need to improve the quality of their diet. This can be achieved by increasing the consumption of protein source foods (fish, meat and legume), fruits and vegetables as sources of micronutrients.

Purpose Obesity in adolescents has been a severe public health problem in developing countries in recent years. This study aims to assess the differences in socioeconomic, nutrition knowledge, breakfast habits, body image, physical activity, smoking, total sleep quality and nutrient intake between obese and non-obese adolescents. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study with 2,432 adolescents (16–18 years) was conducted at senior high schools in DKI Jakarta from January to November 2019. Body image, percent body fat, nutrition intake and physical activity variables were collected. Findings This study found that more than 30% of adolescents in DKI Jakarta were overweight and obese. Overall, adolescents have a 56.3% positive body image, participate in moderate-intensity physical activity (49.02%), and smoke was found at a rate of 6.9%. The average total sleep quality was 71.3% fair and nutrient intakes 1599 ± 413 calories. The findings suggest that monthly income (p = 0.001, p = 0.016), energy intake (p = 0.005, p = 0.019) and total sleep quality (p = 0.008, p = 0.04) variables were consistently associated with nutritional status and percent body fat. Moreover, the body image perception (p = 0.035) variable had a negative correlation with nutritional status, and the smoking habits variable (p = 0.001) had a negative correlation with percent body fat. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence that establishes the association between monthly income, energy intake, total sleep quality with nutritional status and body fat percentage in adolescents.

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang; Hidden hunger atau kelaparan tersembunyi ditandai dengan kekurangan zat gizi mikro yaitu vitamin & mineral. Masalah ini menjadi tantangan baru yang harus diselesaikan di Indonesia. Tujuan; untuk menganalisis konsumsi pangan dan densitas gizi penduduk wanita dewasa Indonesia. Metode; dilakukan dengan menganalisis data Survei Konsumsi Makanan Indonesia (SKMI) 2014 yang dikumpulkan menggunakan metode food recall 24 jam. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 31746 wanita dewasa di Indonesia. Kecukupan zat gizi dihitung menggunakan metode dari Institute of Medicine. Zat gizi yang dianalisis meliputi energi, protein, kalsium, besi, seng, vitamin A dan C. Hasil; rata-rata konsumsi pangan penduduk dewasa Indonesia sebagian besar berasal dari kelompok pangan padi-padian sebanyak 245.4±113.2 g. Kelompok pangan yang paling sedikit dikonsumsi penduduk dewasa adalah gula sebanyak 13.1±16.7 g. Tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, kalsium, besi, seng, vitamin A dan C berturut-turut sebesar 82%, 104.9%, 79.8%, 103.6%, 69.2%, 119.9% and 63.6%,. Densitas protein, kalsium, seng, vitamin A dan vitamin C belum sesuai dengan standar FAO. Kesimpulan; Tingkat kecukupan dan densitas beberapa zat gizi mikro wanita Indonesia masih rendah sehingga kualitas konsumsi pangannya perlu ditingkatkan khususnya konsumsi pangan hewani, kacang-kacangan, buah dan sayur sebagai sumber zat gizi mikro.

Food handlers with poor knowledge of food born diseases and poor personal hygiene can be potential sources of food contamination. This study aimed to analyze food handlers' knowledge, attitudes, and hygiene practices around elementary schools in Banyumas. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design, has been conducted at Banyumas in 2020. The multistage sampling method determined the number of subjects as many as 150 food handlers. Data on characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices were obtained by interview and analyzed using Mann Whitney and spearman correlation test. The results showed no significant difference in the knowledge (p= 0,287) and attitudes (p= 0,689) of subjects who lived in rural and urban areas. There was a significant difference in the average practice score between subjects living in rural and urban areas (p= 0,000). The Spearman correlation test showed a relationship between knowledge-attitudes of subjects living in rural (p= 0,002) and urban (p= 0,000). There was a relationship between the knowledge practice of the subject who lived in rural (p= 0,015) and urban (p= 0,000). There was no relationship between the attitudes and practices of the subject in rural (p= 0,122) and urban areas (p= 0,819). In conclusion,  there was a relationship between knowledge-attitude and knowledge-practice of hygiene and sanitation in rural and urban areas. There was no relationship between attitude and practice in rural or urban areas.

Latar Belakang : Produktivitas kerja yang baik tidak terlepas dari gaya hidup pekerja. Gaya hidup yang tidak sehat dapat berdampak pada masalah gizi pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi makro, kualitas tidur dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada karyawan shift di PT. PAJITEX Kabupaten Pekalongan. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah ampel sebesar 87 karyawan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel asupan zat gizi diukur menggunakan recall 2x24 jam, kualitas tidur dengan kuesioner Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index (PSQI), aktivitas fisik dengan Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) dan status gizi dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Analisis data menggunakan korelasi Korelasi Pearson dan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil : Terdapat hubungan asupan energi (p=0,000 r=0,392), protein (p=0,000 r=0,415), lemak (p=0,000 r=0,393), karbohidrat (p=0,000 r=0,450), kualitas tidur (p=0,046 r=0,215) dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,000 r=0,406) dengan status gizi. Uji regresi linear berganda menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh asupan zat gizi makro, kualitas tidur dan aktivitas fisik secara bersama-sama (p=0,000) dengan status gizi sebesar 39,2%. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan asupan zat gizi makro, kualitas tidur dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi.

The prevalence of high blood pressure (hypertension) in Indonesia has increased. One of the best dietary recommendations for people with hypertension is Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). Various product innovations have been developed to support the implementation of the DASH diet, one of them is a food bar. Potential ingredients that support the diet are banana, oat, and spinach. In addition to containing high fiber and potassium, these three ingredients are also low in sodium, so they are good for heart health. This study aims to determine the formulation of a food bar that has an acceptable sensory characteristic and high fiber content.  The research design was non-factorial experimental study using a randomized block design (RAK). The treatment that was tried was the proportion of raja banana : composite flour (oat : spinach flour = 1 : 3) consisting of 4 formulas: P1 (90%:10%), P2 (85%:15%), P3 (80%:20%), and P4 (75%:25%). The result was analyzed using SPSS software. Proportion of banana with composite flour has a significant effect on the results of hedonic variables (taste, aroma, flavor, overall) and hedonic quality (texture quality, color quality, taste quality, aroma quality, flavor quality). The highest fiber content was found in the product formula P4 (3.8g/100g), while the lowest food fiber content was in the food bar formula P1 (1.57g/100g). The result of Effectiveness Index to determine the best formula was P1. The higher amount of composite flour, the lower sensory value of the food bar. However, the higher amount of composite flour, the higher dietary fiber content in the food bar.

Masalah gizi yang terjadi pada remaja umumnya disebabkan oleh pola konsumsi pangan yang tidak sesuai dengan pola konsumsi gizi seimbang. Salah satu usaha untuk memperbaiki pola konsumsi dapat dilakukan dengan edukasi gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tele-nutrition education terhadap variasi makanan pokok, konsumsi protein hewani, protein nabati, sayur, buah, gula, garam, dan lemak minyak pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre-test post-test. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 49 orang. Data pola konsumsi diukur dengan metode SQ-FFQ. Analisis data menggunakan uji Paired sample t-test dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil analisis menunjukan ada pengaruh tele-nutrition education pada konsumsi buah (p=0,005), konsumsi gula (p=0,000) dan konsumsi lemak minyak (p=0,000). Tidak ada pengaruh pada variasi makanan pokok (p=0,155), konsumsi protein hewani (p=0,198), konsumsi protein nabati (p=0,885), konsumsi sayur (p=0,413) dan konsumsi garam (p=0,052). Ada pengaruh antara tele-nutrition education terhadap konsumsi buah, gula dan lemak minyak. Tidak ada pengaruh antara tele-nutrition education terhadap variasi makanan pokok, konsumsi protein hewani, protein nabati, sayur dan garam.

The objectives of this study was to analyze food consumption and nutrient density of adults male aged 19-49 years old in Indonesia. This study was carried out through analyzing a consumption data set of Total Diet Study (SDT) of Indonesian Ministry of Health which were collected using 24-hour food recall method. The final subjects included for this study were 26268 male. The nutrients adequacy were assessed based on Institute of Medicine calculation. The nutrients analyzed include energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C. The average food consumption of Indonesian adult male population is mostly from the grains food group of 305.0 g. The food group that was consumed the least by the adult population was oily seeds as much as 18.1 g. The adequacy of energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C were 81.4%, 108.3%, 105.5%, 159.4%, 64.8%, 107.7% and 54.6%, respectively. The nutrient density of protein, Ca, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin C were still under the recommendation. It means that food consumption quality of Indonesian adults need to be improved. Considering the inadequate intake of some micronutrients in Indonesian adults male, it is necessary to increase the consumption of animal food, legumes, fruits and vegetables as sources of micronutrients.