Background: The Pandalungan community is a unique community established through the assimilation of two dominant cultures: the Javanese and Madurese. Both of these communities created a community with a new culture called the Pandalungan community culture. The people of this community live in coastal, rural and urban areas. Generally, research on the uniqueness in the oral health behaviour of the Pandalungan community has not been conducted since the oral health practices of the Pandalungan community are considered to be the same as that of the Javanese community. Purpose: In order to develop programmes for oral health prevention, this research aims at comparing the oral health profiles of the elderly (classified as per age) living in the rural and urban areas in the Jember Regency. Methods: The research employs a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of the research were selected on the basis of the total number of elderly people who attended the monthly meetings of the Karang Werda (those not willing to participate in the study were excluded). The study was conducted by organising extensive interviews, performing observations and intraoral examinations. Each group was classified into three subgroups on the basis of age: pre-elderly, elderly and high-risk elderly. The intraoral examination conducted included the oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), the number of teeth missing, the depth of the pocket and the number of all functional tooth units (all-FTU). Results: The oral health profile of people in the rural community was poor when compared to the oral health profile of people living in the urban community (by accounting for nearly all the variables in the examination). Conclusion: The oral health profile of the elderly people in the Pandalungan community was poor. Adequate prevention and care are essential to maintain the oral health of people in the Pandalungan community.

People often adjust their behavioral pattern to the physical conditions of local environment, especially for elderly dental and oral health. Elderly is a population which is very vulnerable to environmental changes and diseases. Elderly people who have good oral health are expected to have good general health. This study focuses on dental and oral health profiles of elderly in the different residential location. Geographically, the locations of elderly resident are divided into 4 areas, i.e. urban, agricultural, highland/mountain and coastal areas. This research was carried out using a cross sectional approach. The research population was elderly aged more than 45 years. Research subjects were determined using cluster random sampling based on the geographic residential areas (n=229). Measurements of dental and oral health profile were based on the Decay-Missing-Filling-Teeth (DMF-T) indicators and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). 229 research subjects were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis tests. The results show that most of the elderly have poor dental and oral health profile. However, the elderly who live in the coastal area have better dental and oral health profile. Meanwhile, the elderly who live in the highland area have the worst profile of oral and dental health compared to the elderly who live in other areas.

Background: One of the benign salivary gland tumors is Warthin’s tumor, which is a benign tumor consisting of a papillary cystic structure covered by a double epithelial layer cells and lymphoid stroma with germinal center. Several cases have reported the Warthin’s tumor transformation into a malignant tumor such as lymphoma that develops from their stromal. Expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) as part of the immune checkpoint when highly expressed leads to a more rapid development or progression of tumors. Purpose: To analyze CTLA-4 expression in Warthin’s tumors associated with the pathogenesis of its growth through an escape mechanism from immune checkpoints and analyze based on CTLA expression whether this marker has the potential to be used as immunotherapy by administering anti CTLA-4. Methods: The tissue sections slides of Warthin’s tumor (n=8) were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin and immunostained with Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 antibody [CAL49] (ab237712). The slide with positive CTLA-4 is shown as staining on the cell membrane and/or cytoplasm. Observations were carried out using Optilab. The result is presented as figures. Results: Tumor cells expressed of CTLA-4 show in cytoplasm and/or cell membranes of the epithelial and stromal components of Warthin’s lymphoid. CTLA-4 is expressed lymphoid stroma, which is associated with inhibition of T cell activity against tumor cells, while the exact mechanism of CTLA-4 expression in epithelial components is not known but is thought to induce tumorigenesis and inhibit apoptosis. Conclusion: CTLA-4 is expressed in epithelial and stromal cells of Warthin’s tumor and this expression indicates that Warthin’s tumor cell growth is through the escape mechanism of the CTLA-4 check point immune. Further research is necessary to investigate whether CTLA-4 expression in lymphoid stroma has relate to their transformation toward a malignant tumor of lymphoma.

Background: In Indonesia, tooth extraction is the most common practice in dentistry. A successful indicator of tooth extraction is a perfect healing process. One of the parameters of a perfect healing process is epithelial formation. Based on previous research, arabica coffee fruit skin has proven potential to accelerate the wound healing process. The compounds in the arabica coffee fruit skin are mostly composed of flavonoids, tannins, and chlorogenic acid. Purpose: This research is proposed to understand the beneficial effect of arabica coffee fruit skin (Coffea arabica) towards the increase of epithelial thickness in post tooth extraction socket. Material and Method: The type of this research was laboratory experimental in vivo with post-test only control group design using 24 Wistar rats as a sample. The sample was separated into two groups, control and intervention groups with 12 Wistar rats each. Treatment in both groups was given during 3, 5, and 7 days. Afterward, tissue processing undergoes with buccolingual cutting and HE coloring. Measurements are carried out with the ImageRaster software in the thickest and thinnest part of the epithelium that covers the tooth socket. Result: Epithelial thickness after tooth extraction increased significantly (p<0.05) in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Arabica coffee fruit skin has the beneficial effect of increasing the epithelial thickness after tooth extraction.

Objective: The purpose of creating the river water pollution information systems related to oral and dental health community is to facilitate the analysis of diseases caused by water pollution. Material and Methods: The environment-based health management information system based on GIS is based on real data of Bedadung River-Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia includes the location of the dumping points, photo dumping points, the area of garbage accumulation and tooth and mouth disorders that arise due to contamination of river water, which is associated with community dental and oral health data that taken by survey.Results: Through the environmental health information system information can be displayed about the environment and the dental and oral status of the population around the Bedadung river. Conclusion: The use of the environment-based health management information system is very important to help support the government's decision to prevent the spread and severity of community diseases caused by river water pollution, reduce morbidity and mortality and reduce the burden of government financing to treat diseases and disability integrated in an integrated manner.Keywords: Water pollution, Bedadung river, Oral and health community, Environment-based health management information system Cite this Article: Ernanda H, Hamzah Z, Setyowati DI, Handayani ATW, Indriana T. 2018. The benefits of information system of water pollution at Bedadung river towards oral and dental health of the community. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 3(2): 91-95.