This study represents a first comprehensive epidemiological evaluation of prevalence of respiratory and allergic diseases in children aged 3-5 years in the city of Rome and an updating of the evolution of allergic diseases.
BackgroundChronic granulomatous disease is a rare inherited disorder of the innate immune system. In patients with a clinical history of recurrent or persistent infections, especially infections caused by uncommon species, chronic granulomatous disease should be considered.Case presentationWe report the case of a 5-year-old boy with a presumptive diagnosis of Crohn’s disease with extraintestinal manifestations. Chronic granulomatous disease was suspected in this case after Serratia marcescens was isolated from a skin ulcer culture. Granulomas were confirmed on histology and chronic granulomatous disease was diagnosed.ConclusionThis case emphasizes the importance of high clinical suspicion of an alternative diagnosis of immune deficiency in patients with presumed inflammatory bowel disease and opportunistic infections, especially when disease occurs in early life.
BackgroundZygomycosis is a rare life-threatening fungal infection affecting mostly patients with predisposing conditions such as diabetes mellitus, immunodeficiency, haemochromatosis or major trauma.MethodsWe describe a case of rhinocerebral zygomycosis in a girl with type 1 diabetes and review previous published cases and treatment options.ResultsA 14-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus occurred with dental pain, facial swelling, ecchymosis and left eye decreased visual acuity, unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The coltures of the sinusal mucosa were positive for fungal species belonging to the Zygomycetes. She performed antifungal therapy with posaconazole (POS) with a very slow improvement and a poor glycemic control, leading to blindness of the left eye.ConclusionOur report adds further awareness on rhinocerebral zygomycosis and emphasizes on urgent diagnosis and timely management of this potentially fatal fungal infection through an adequate treatment.
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