Prevalence and risk factors for atopic disease in a population of preschool children in Rome: Challenges to early intervention

Indinnimeo, Luciana; Porta, Daniela; Forastiére, Francesco; Vittori, Valentina De; Castro, Giovanna De; Zicari, Anna Maria; Tancredi, Giancarlo; Melengu, Taulant; Duse, Marzia

doi:10.1177/0394632016635656

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…We found a prevalence of wheeze in the 12 months before assessment of 31.4%, which is much higher than the 15% recently reported in the general population of Italian preschool children. 30 This finding confirms previous reports of a two-to three-fold higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in very preterm children compared with term-born controls independently of BPD. 7,9 The observation that in our children at preschool age symptoms correlate with high resistance and low compliance is of concern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…On the other hand, in area‐based prospective cohorts where a number of maternal and perinatal variables or GA were studied in relation to lung function indices at school age no relationship was found. We found a prevalence of wheeze in the 12 months before assessment of 31.4%, which is much higher than the 15% recently reported in the general population of Italian preschool children . This finding confirms previous reports of a two‐ to three‐fold higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in very preterm children compared with term‐born controls independently of BPD .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Lombardi

Fainardi

Calogero

et al. 2018

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Objective We assessed lung function and respiratory health in an area‐based prospective cohort of preschool children born very preterm. Design Lung function was measured by interrupter respiratory resistance (Rint) and forced oscillation technique (FOT) (respiratory resistance (Rrs8), reactance (Xrs8), and area under the reactance curve (AX)) at a median age of 5.2 years in a cohort of 194 children born at 22‐31 weeks of gestational age (GA) in Tuscany, Italy. Respiratory symptoms and hospitalizations were also assessed. Results Mean (SD) lung function Z‐scores were impaired in preterm children for Rint (0.72 (1.13)), Xrs8 (‐0.28 (1.34)), and AX (0.29 (1.41)). However, only a relatively small proportion of children (14.5‐17.4%) had values beyond the 95th centile or below the 5th. Children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (n = 24) had slightly but not significantly impaired lung function indices in comparison with those without BPD (n = 170). In a multivariable analysis, lower GA was associated with worse lung function indices. Fifty‐five percent of children had a history of wheezing ever and 21% had been hospitalized in their lifetime because of lower respiratory infections; 31% had wheezing in the last 12 months and this was associated with increased Rrs8 (P = 0.04) and AX (P = 0.08), and with decreased Xrs8 (P = 0.04) Z‐scores. Conclusions Irrespectively of BPD preschool children born very preterm had impaired lung function indices, as measured by Rint and FOT, and a slightly higher burden of respiratory problems than the general population. GA seems to be crucial for lung development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Lombardi

Fainardi

Calogero

et al. 2018

Pediatric Pulmonology

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“…Распространенность и факторы риска АР среди детей дошкольного возраста в международных эпидемиологических исследованиях не изучались. В отдельных национальных зарубежных исследованиях показано, что распространенность АР среди детей дошкольного возраста в Китае варьирует в зависимости от региона от 7,3 до 22,5% [5,6], в Южной Корее достигает 20,8% [7], в Италии -5,5% [8], в США -13,7% [9]. По данным исследований, в 2017 г. распространенность АР среди дошкольников Турции составляла 13,4% [10], Австралии -8,3% [11], Южной Кореи -17,3% [12].…”

Section: обоснованиеunclassified

“…Оба опросника выдавали родителям/законным представителям ребенка для самостоятельного заполнения на этапе скрининга. В исследованиях, где распространенность АР изучалась с помощью опросников, показатели были либо выше [22][23][24], либо ниже [5,8,11] полученных нами. Таким образом, различия могут быть связаны прежде всего с разными методами диагностики АР -на основании опросников или критериев ARIA, а также с возрастной неоднородностью детей и климатогеографическими особенностями стран.…”

Section: клиническая оценка арunclassified

Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Шахова¹,

Камалтынова²,

Lobanov³

et al. 2018

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Background.It is necessary to study the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR) among pre-school children in order to develop a disease prevention strategy.Objective.Our aim was to study the prevalence, clinical and allergological features, and risk factors for AR in pre-school children living in urban settings of the Altai Region.Methods.At the screening stage, the study enrolled children aged 3–6 years attending pre-school educational institutions in 5 cities of the Altai Region. AR symptoms were determined using the ISAAC questionnaire. The AR was diagnosed if ≥ 2 symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal breathing difficulty, itching in the nasal cavity, repetitive sneezing) lasted ≥ 1 h with a positive prick test and/or a blood level of specific IgE > 0.35 kU/L to at least one allergen (total 11).Results.The prevalence of AR in urban children aged 3–6 years (n = 3,205) was 10.6%; 48% of them were previously diagnosed with AR. 85% of children had a persistent course of the disease; 69% had mild AR. Most often, there was established sensitization to house dust mites (61.6%), birch pollen (40.9%), and cat fur (19.4%). The risk factors for AR were family history of allergies [odds ratio (OR) 4.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5–5.9], masculine (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9–4.0), smoking parents (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.9), nonadherence to a regimen/dosage of vitamin D3 intake in infancy (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.8), presence of asthma-like symptoms (OR 10.2, 95% CI 7.2–14.5), and manifestations of atopic dermatitis (OR 6.0, 95% CI 4.2–8.5).Conclusion.AR occurs in every tenth pre-school child (mainly of mild severity and persistent course), every second disease among them was diagnosed for the first time. Sensitization occurs to typical for childhood allergens. The risk factors for AR are family history of allergies, masculine, passive smoking, ignoring the recommendations of taking vitamin D3 in infancy, the presence of atopic dermatitis, and asthma-like symptoms.

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“…Conducted on over 20,000 children 6–7 years old and on 16,000 adolescents in two phases (1994 and 2002), the SIDRIA study showed a clear increase in the prevalence of asthma in both groups [2, 3]. A much more recent study conducted in Rome confirmed these prevalence data in a population of preschool children (3–5 years old): 15% of children experienced at least one episode of wheezing, and 11% had a doctor’s diagnosis of asthma [4]. The frequency of allergic sensitization in this age group was already as high as 12%, while, currently, the prevalence of allergic sensitization abundantly exceeds 30% of the 10–14-year-old population, with peaks exceeding 40%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of acute respiratory diseases in the pediatric population: the role of oral corticosteroids

et al. 2017

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Respiratory diseases account for about 25% of all pediatric consultations, and 10% of these are for asthma. The other main pediatric respiratory diseases, in terms of incidence, are bronchiolitis, acute bronchitis and respiratory infections. Oral corticosteroids, in particular prednisolone, are often used to treat acute respiratory diseases given their anti-inflammatory effects. However, the efficacy of treatment with oral corticosteroids differs among the various types of pediatric respiratory diseases. Notably, also the adverse effects of corticosteroid treatment can differ depending on dosage, duration of treatment and type of corticosteroid administered — a case in point being growth retardation in long-course treatment. A large body of data has accumulated on this topic. In this article, we have reviewed the data and guidelines related to the role of oral corticosteroids in the treatment and management of pediatric bronchiolitis, wheezing, asthma and croup in the attempt to provide guidance for physicians. Also included is a section on the management of acute respiratory failure in children.

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Prevalence and risk factors for atopic disease in a population of preschool children in Rome: Challenges to early intervention

Abstract: This study represents a first comprehensive epidemiological evaluation of prevalence of respiratory and allergic diseases in children aged 3-5 years in the city of Rome and an updating of the evolution of allergic diseases.

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Management of acute respiratory diseases in the pediatric population: the role of oral corticosteroids

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