Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Lombardi, Enrico; Fainardi, Valentina; Calogero, Claudia; Puglia, Monia; Voller, Fabio; Cuttini, Marina; Rusconi, Franca

doi:10.1002/ppul.24179

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Even late preterm birth has been shown to affect lung function later in life [36,37]. At a functional level, clinical experiments with forced oscillation techniques comparable to those used in this paper, showed worse results in former preterm infants compared to term controls [38,39]. In general, pre-and postnatal factors (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Preterm birth impairs postnatal lung development in the neonatal rabbit model

et al. 2020

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Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia continues to cause important respiratory morbidity throughout life, and new therapies are needed. The common denominator of all BPD cases is preterm birth, however most preclinical research in this area focusses on the effect of hyperoxia or mechanical ventilation. In this study we investigated if and how prematurity affects lung structure and function in neonatal rabbits. Methods: Pups were delivered on either day 28 or day 31. For each gestational age a group of pups was harvested immediately after birth for lung morphometry and surfactant protein B and C quantification. All other pups were hand raised and harvested on day 4 for the term pups and day 7 for the preterm pups (same corrected age) for lung morphometry, lung function testing and qPCR. A subset of pups underwent microCT and dark field imaging on day 0, 2 and 4 for terms and on day 0, 3, 5 and 7 for preterms. Results: Preterm pups assessed at birth depicted a more rudimentary lung structure (larger alveoli and thicker septations) and a lower expression of surfactant proteins in comparison to term pups. MicroCT and dark field imaging revealed delayed lung aeration in preterm pups, in comparison to term pups. Preterm birth led to smaller pups, with smaller lungs with a lower alveolar surface area on day 7/day 4. Furthermore, preterm birth affected lung function with increased tissue damping, tissue elastance and resistance and decreased dynamic compliance. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) was significantly decreased in preterm pups, however in the absence of structural vascular differences.Conclusions: Preterm birth affects lung structure and function at birth, but also has persistent effects on the developing lung. This supports the use of a preterm animal model, such as the preterm rabbit, for preclinical research on BPD. Future research that focuses on the identification of pathways that are involved in in-utero lung development and disrupted by pre-term birth, could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for BPD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Preterm birth impairs postnatal lung development in the neonatal rabbit model

et al. 2020

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“…It has been con rmed that premature birth can cause immature lung, low lung function, immature immune system function, thereby increasing the risk of wheezing in children [11][12][13][14]. Enrico Lombard et al showed that GA and the development of the lung were closely related [15]. In this study, included newborns were grouped and compared by GA, and the results con rmed that newborns with younger GA were at higher risk of early wheezing, which was consistent with the study of Unal et al [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Early Wheezing in Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Chen

Yang²,

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The related factors that cause recurrent wheezing in children are complex, and premature delivery may be one of the reasons. Little is known about early wheezing in preterm infants. Methods: Data sourced from 1616 children born between 2007 and 2013 from 8 hospitals of Guangxi in China. All children were followed by telephone or questionnaire through the sixth year of life. Children were grouped by characters of age: Group A: gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks, Group B: 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks, Group C: 37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks. Results: The incidence and the risk factors of early wheezing in preterm infants were analyzed. The incidence of early wheezing: Group A > Group B > Group C. In Group A, the proportion of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant was higher in early wheezing group than in normal group (P = 0.005). Male (95% CI: 1.611 to 4.601) and family history of allergy (95% CI: 1.222 to 3.411) were the risk factors for early wheezing in Group B. Conclusions: Newborns with younger GA had a higher risk of early wheezing. SGA was a possible factor influencing early wheezing in preterm infants with GA≤ 32 weeks. Male and family history of allergy were the risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants with 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks.

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“…It has been con rmed that premature birth can lead to immature lungs, low lung function, and immature immune system function, thereby increasing the risk of wheezing in children [11][12][13][14]. Enrico Lombard et al showed that GA and the development of the lung were closely related [15]. In this study, included newborns were grouped and compared by GA, and the results con rmed that new-borns with a younger GA were at higher risk of early wheezing, which was consistent with the study of Unal et al [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study

Chen

Yang²,

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The factors that cause recurrent wheezing in children are complex, and premature delivery may be one of these factors. Little is known about early wheezing in preterm infants.Methods: Data were sourced from 1616 children born between 2007 and 2013 from 8 hospitals in Guangxi, China. All children were followed up by telephone or questionnaire through the sixth year of life. Children were grouped by gestational age (GA): Group A, GA ≤ 32 weeks; Group B, 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks; and Group C, 37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks.Results: The incidences and risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants were analysed. The incidences of early wheezing were as follows: Group A > Group B > Group C. The incidence of persistent early wheezing in Group A or Group B was significantly higher than that in Group C, respectively. SGA (95% CI: 1.097 to 7.519) was a risk factor for early wheezing in group A. Male sex (95% CI: 1.595 to 4.501) and family history of allergies (95% CI: 1.207 to 3.352) were risk factors for early wheezing in group B.Conclusions: 1. New-borns with younger GAs had a higher risk of early wheezing. 2. The incidence of persistent early wheezing for preterm infants (GA ≤ 32 weeks and 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks) was higher than that for full-term infants (37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks). 3. SGA was a risk factor for early wheezing in preterm infants with a GA ≤ 32 weeks. 4. Male sex, personal history of allergies and family history of allergies were all possible factors affecting early wheezing in preterm infants with a GA > 32 weeks but < 37 weeks and full-term infants. Among them, male sex and family history of allergies were risk factors for early wheezing. 5. Mode of delivery, passive smoking, breastfeeding and invasive mechanical ventilation were not possible risk factors for early wheezing in infants of different GAs.

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Lung function in a cohort of 5‐year‐old children born very preterm

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Preterm birth impairs postnatal lung development in the neonatal rabbit model

Preterm birth impairs postnatal lung development in the neonatal rabbit model

Risk Factors for Early Wheezing in Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study

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