Estudo com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva cujo objetivo foi identificar as percepções e expectativas dos estudantes do curso técnico em enfermagem com relação ao mercado de trabalho. A coleta de dados ocorreu em outubro de 2009, com a utilização da entrevista semiestruturada com 12 estudantes do curso técnico de enfermagem. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. As entrevistas evidenciaram importantes questões relacionadas à empregabilidade da enfermagem entre as categorias, às áreas de atuação profissional e à inserção do técnico na equipe de saúde. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade da continuidade da discussão sobre o tema, na busca de incrementar e melhorar a formação do técnico em enfermagem frente ao mercado de trabalho. Observou-se a existência de fatores negativos, como a discriminação e o pouco reconhecimento social. Conclui-se que o futuro egresso busca, além do emprego, a inserção na sociedade, para a sua valorização, enquanto profissional de saúde.
OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à mortalidade de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de referência no Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal baseado na análise de prontuários de uma amostra aleatória de recém-nascidos admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de janeiro de 2007 a junho de 2010. Foram considerados elegíveis para o estudo recém-nascidos com peso inferior a 1500g, provenientes do bloco obstétrico da própria instituição. Foram identificadas variáveis demográficas maternas, variáveis relacionadas às condições de gestação e parto e variáveis do recém-nascido. A associação entre as variáveis foi aferida por meio do teste do qui-quadrado e Odds Ratio. As variáveis associadas até o nível de 25% (p<0,25) na análise bivariada foram inseridas na análise múltipla por meio da regressão logística, assumindo-se o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados e analisados os dados referentes a 184 prontuários, que registraram 44 óbitos (23,9%). As variáveis que se mantiveram estatisticamente associadas ao óbito de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso, após análise multivariada, foram: peso de nascimento abaixo de 1000g (OR 7,29; IC95% 3,19 - 16,63; p<0,001), boletim de Apgar de 1º minuto menor do que sete (OR 3,57; IC95% 1,53 - 8,32; p=0,003) e realização de menos de quatro consultas de pré-natal (OR 2,72; IC95% 1,19 - 6,23; p=0,018). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados denotam falhas na assistência pré-natal e a necessidade de melhoria em relação aos cuidados perinatais ao binômio mãe e filho.
BackgroundAlthough sickle cell disease is an important public health problem in Brazil, there is a gap in the literature on the level of knowledge of primary health care professionals about the treatment and management of sickle cell disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge about sickle cell disease of physicians and nurses who work in the Family Health Program in a region of Brazil with a high prevalence of this disease.MethodsThis is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the municipality of Montes Claros, in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Study participants included 96 physicians and nurses who work at the Family Health Program in an urban area of the city. Data was collected using an original, partially tested questionnaire based on health care check points for children with sickle cell disease established in educational protocols from the State Health Secretary of Minas Gerais and the Ministry of Health. The structured questionnaire contained 47 questions addressing three axes: epidemiology (8 questions); clinical manifestations (13 questions); and management of children with sickle cell disease (26 questions). Knowledge was measured through mean correct responses to proposed questions. Ethical principles were respected and this project was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research.Results59.4% (57) of the study participants were nurses and 40.6% (39) were physicians. The median length of training and median length of service in primary health care were 4.3 (2.8-8.0) years and 4.0 (2.0-7.1) years, respectively. The mean performance in knowledge tests was < 75%, with 5.7/8 (SD = 1.4) for the "epidemiology" questions; 8.6/13 (SD = 2.2) for "clinical manifestations"; and 17.0/26 (SD = 2.9) for "management of children with sickle cell disease" questions; resulting in a mean total of 31.4/47 (SD = 5.10) correct responses. A statistically significant association was found between the number of correct responses and family health care qualifications (p = 0.015).ConclusionThere is an urgent need to improve primary health care professional training in the care of children with sickle cell disease.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of healthcare provided to sickle cell disease children by primary healthcare services in a region of high prevalence.MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed by interviewing members of families with sickle cell disease children. The children had been identified from the Neonatal Screening Program in Minas Gerais state over the last 12 years in towns of the Montes Claros-Bocaiuva microregion. A structured questionnaire specially developed for this study and based on three axes was used: indicators of the child's health (immunization, growth and development, prophylaxis antibiotic therapy), perception of care by the family (health education and accessibility) and knowledge of the family about the disease.ResultsSixty-three of 71 families with children identified as having sickle cell disease were interviewed. The predominant genotypes were Hb SS (44.4%) and Hb SC (41.2%). Adequate monitoring of growth and development was recorded for the first year of life in 23 children (36.6%) and for the second year of life in 18 children (28.6%). The basic vaccination schedule was completed by 44 children (69.8%) but 62 vaccination record cards (98.4%) identified delays of special vaccines. Regular use of prophylactic penicillin was reported by 55 caregivers (87.3%). The family's perception of the care provided suggests poor accessibility to health services and lack of opportunities to answer doubts. The average performance of families in knowledge testing was 59.8%.ConclusionThe quality of healthcare is unsatisfactory. The care provided to children with sickle cell disease in primary healthcare services needs improvements.
Hypertension is responsible for high morbidity and mortality as one of the most important cardiometabolic risk factors. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the Gln223Arg in the leptin receptor (LEPR) influences the prevalence of hypertension. A cross-sectional study was carried out in individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Polymorphism identification was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis. Participants with blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or medication use were considered hypertensive. Frequencies, means, cross-tabulations, and multivariate models were produced to study differences in hypertension prevalence by genotypes. The study includes 470 participants. The frequency of GG polymorphism variant was 10.43%, 46.81% AG, and 42.77% AA. The distribution of hypertension frequency by LEPR genotypes was the following: AA 43.8%, AG 40.4%, and GG 40.8%; there were no significant differences between groups. Comparative analysis which used multivariate Poisson regression adjusted by many potential confounders (age, sex, schooling, smoking, alcohol intake, obesity, and family history of parental obesity) did not modify this result. In this large sample of population-based study, the association of the LEPR Gln223Arg gene polymorphism with hypertension was not observed.
The purpose of this study was to assess the LEPR gene Gln223Arg polymorphism (rs1137101) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and in potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL) in comparison to normal oral mucosa in a Brazilian population. Smokers (n = 89) were selected from a representative sample of 471 individuals from the general population of Montes Claros, Brazil. Participants were age and gender matched to patients with OSCC (n = 25) and oral epithelial dysplasia (n = 25). We investigated the LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism (A>G; rs1137101) in these groups. Genotype variants were assessed by RFLP-PCR, using MspI (HPAII) restriction endonuclease. The institutional review board of the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros approved the study (process number 2667/2011). Written informed consent for this study was obtained from all participants. The GG genotype (Arg223Arg) appears to be the more relevant polymorphic variant in OSCC. It occurred, approximately, twice as frequently in OSCC patients than in the general population. In contrast, the A allele in its homozygosis form (Gln223Gln) is significantly associated with the development of PMOL; 80% of the samples from the PMOL group exhibit AA genotype. Our findings suggest new insights regarding LEPR gene variations in the development of OSCC and PMOL.
. Preceptora do PET-Saúde rESumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as experiências da equipe de trabalho do PET-Saúde desenvolvidas na Unidade Básica de Saúde Independência I . Trata-se de um relato de experiência retrospectivo, descritivo e inovador por possibilitar transcorrer sobre o tema da integração acadêmica e multiprofissional no PET-Saúde . As atividades foram desenvolvidas pelos acadêmicos e preceptores dos cursos de ciências biológicas, educação física, enfermagem, medicina e odontologia . O trabalho multidisciplinar visou ao atendimento integral, que foi ofertado por meio de serviços de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças, com vistas à melhoria da qualidade de vida dos usuários . Dentre as ações realizadas, destacam-se a realização interdisciplinar de grupos de educação em saúde, visitas domiciliares e atendimento clínico . Como desafios, a equipe encontrou a incompatibilidade curricular e a falta de um projeto político-pedagógico consistente que favoreça a atuação multiprofissional . Para superar essas dificuldades, foram realizados planejamentos prévios das ações a serem desenvolvidas, assim como a correspondência de horários disponíveis, a fim de a equipe melhor se preparar para execução das atividades, realizando a troca de experiências e compartilhamento do conhecimento acadêmico . Conclui-se que apesar dos avanços na construção da formação multiprofissional, os desafios só serão superados após plena integração entre os cursos das ciências da saú-de de modo a permitir a maior compatibilidade e flexibilidade curricular . dESCritorESPrograma Saúde da Família . Educação Superior . Sistema Único de Saúde . o Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde) foi criado tendo como objetivo a integração ensino-serviço e a reorientação da formação profissional, assegurando uma abordagem integral do processo saúde-doença com ênfase na Atenção Básica e promovendo transformações na prestação de serviços à população . Entretanto, a formação universitária ainda está centrada numa visão fragmentária no campo da disciplinaridade, fator que dificulta a formação de profissionais que saibam articular-se com outras áreas da
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