Let ( X , T ) (X,T) be a topological dynamical system, and F \mathcal {F} be a family of subsets of Z + \mathbb {Z}_+ . ( X , T ) (X,T) is strongly F \mathcal {F} -sensitive if there is δ > 0 \delta >0 such that for each non-empty open subset U U there are x , y ∈ U x,y\in U with { n ∈ Z + : d ( T n x , T n y ) > δ } ∈ F \{n\in \mathbb {Z}_+: d(T^nx,T^ny)>\delta \}\in \mathcal {F} . Let F t \mathcal {F}_t (resp. F i p \mathcal {F}_{ip} , F f i p \mathcal {F}_{fip} ) consist of thick sets (resp. IP-sets, subsets containing arbitrarily long finite IP-sets). The following Auslander-Yorke’s type dichotomy theorems are obtained: (1) a minimal system is either strongly F f i p \mathcal {F}_{fip} -sensitive or an almost one-to-one extension of its ∞ \infty -step nilfactor; (2) a minimal system is either strongly F i p \mathcal {F}_{ip} -sensitive or an almost one-to-one extension of its maximal distal factor; (3) a minimal system is either strongly F t \mathcal {F}_{t} -sensitive or a proximal extension of its maximal distal factor.

An enzyme-immobilized nanozeolite-assembled electrode was prepared by controlled assembly of nanometer-sized Linder type-L zeolite (nano-LTL-zeolite) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) glass electrode surface, and subsequent immobilization of cytochrome c. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) and amperometric experiments showed that, relative to other reported electrodes, the enzyme-immobilized electrodes possess fast electron-transfer rates (2.2 s(-1)), a broad linear range (15-540 micromol L(-1)), a low detection limit (3.2 nmol L(-1)), a remarkably long lifetime (5 months), and high stability in the pH range 5-10. These characteristics could be due to the fact that nanozeolites assembled on ITO have high immobilization ability and facilitate interaction with enzymes. The function controllability of these enzyme electrodes, resulting from the facile manipulability of nanozeolite-assembled layers, may provide a possibility to rationally design biosensors.

The development of multifunctional nanocomposite materials is of great interest for various biomedical applications. A popular approach to produce tailored nanocomposites is to incorporate functional nanoparticles into hydrogels. Here, a benign atmospheric pressure microplasma synthesis approach has been deployed for the synthesis of metal and alloy NPs in-situ in a poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel.The formation of gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy NPs was confirmed via spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques. The properties of the hydrogel were not compromised during formation of the composites. Practical applications of the NP/PVA nanocomposites has been demonstrated by anti-bacterial testing. This establishes AMP processing as a viable one-step technique for the fabrication of NP/hydrogel composites, with potential multifunctionality for a range of biomedical applications.

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