FNAC of ovarian masses is a minimally invasive procedure that can differentiate neoplastic from non-neoplastic ovarian lesions. It may help avoid unnecessary operations and preserve the reproductive ability in young patients. Furthermore, it also enables a satisfactory sub-categorization of ovarian tumours, which facilitates the choice of appropriate therapy.

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Background: Blood is a precious resource that needs to be prescribed, handled, stored and transfused as per guidelines to ensure recipient safety. The present study aims to assess the basic knowledge of clinicians pertaining to safe transfusion practice, impart relevant training, and assess the impact of such training programs. Methods: A total of 25 fresh bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery graduates were enrolled for the study. The participants were given a pre-assessment questionnaire related to the entire transfusion chain followed by interactive training of the participants and post-training re-assessment. Results: The mean score in the pre-training assessment was 51% while in the post-training assessment the mean score was 85.4%; the difference was statistically significant. There were significant differences in knowledge pertaining to storage temperature, shelf life of red cells and platelets, alternate group choice for fresh frozen plasma, and documentation of transfusion reaction. The participants had inadequate knowledge pertaining to cross-match procedure and management of transfusion reactions. Conclusion: The study assessed the knowledge and awareness of clinicians regarding blood transfusion practice. Mandatory training and inclusion of transfusion medicine as a subject at undergraduate level can help in improving transfusion practice and ensuring recipient safety.

We report on the cytopathologic findings of a Leydig cell tumor of the testis in an adult male with no evidence of endocrine dysfunction. The preoperative diagnosis was based on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and was subsequently confirmed on histomorphology. The cytologic smears were cellular and showed tumor cells arranged singly, as well as in dyscohesive clusters. The tumor cells were large, round to polygonal, with indistinct cytoplasmic margins and pale, abundant, granular to vacuolated cytoplasm. A few intranuclear Reinke's crystals that are considered pathognomonic and essential for the diagnosis were seen. The present case was of interest because of the scarcity of literature on the cytodiagnosis of this tumor. The use of FNAC for diagnosis may vitiate the need for more invasive biopsy procedures in the preoperative diagnosis of this rare testicular tumor.

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