Hearing loss (HL) is highly common in older adulthood, constituting the third most prevalent chronic health condition in this population. In addition to posing a substantial burden to disease and negatively impacting quality of life, an emerging literature highlights that HL is associated with unipolar depression including among older adults. This review outlines evidence examining the HL and depression relationship as well as clinical implications for assessment and treatment of comorbid depression and HL. Although prevalence estimates of comorbid depression in HL vary, as many as 1 in 5 experience clinically relevant depression symptoms. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies indicate that HL is related to increased unipolar depression symptoms, although the strength of the association varies between studies. A range of methodological variations, such as inclusion age, severity of HL and assessment of depression, likely underpin this heterogeneity. Overall, however, the evidence clearly points to an association of HL with clinically relevant depression symptoms. The association with the diagnosis of major depression disorder remains less clear and under-researched. HL is also associated with a range of other poor mental health outcomes in older adults, including anxiety and suicidal ideation, and predicts poorer cognitive functioning. Accordingly, assessment and treatment of comorbid depression in HL is pertinent to promote mental well-being among older adults. Currently, evidence regarding best practice for treating depression in HL remains scant. Preliminary evidence indicates that audiological rehabilitation, including use of hearing aids, as well as community-based hearing interventions can also improve mental health. Psychological intervention that enhances communication skills and addresses coping strategies might also be beneficial for this population. Additionally, evidence suggests that online interventions are feasible and may circumvent communication difficulties in therapy associated with HL. Due to poor help-seeking among this population, an enhanced focus on specific and targeted assessment and treatment is likely necessary to ensure reduced mental health burden among older adults with HL.

Burnout has been related to increased suicidal thoughts, lower self-esteem and dropout in university students. Engagement in students, however, has been underexplored. This study uses the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and the Conservational of Resources (COR) model to contribute to the knowledge about burnout and engagement in health profession university students. In particular, the role of personal resources, including psychological flexibility, was examined. Participants were 260 nursing, social work, occupational therapy and psychology students from 10 Australian universities. Regression analyses were used to test the JD-R model with a health profession student sample. The model was extended by including personal resources and testing mediation and moderation hypotheses. Personal resources contributed significant additional variance to the model. Mediation effects of study demands and resources with psychological flexibility were found, while moderation effects were not. The results indicate the validity of the JD-R model in a health profession student population and the important role of personal resources. Further design and evaluation of interventions targeting personal resources and study demands and resources are indicated.

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Objective: Direct relationships have been found between neuroticism and burnout and between extraversion, conscientiousness, and engagement, key concepts in occupational wellbeing. This study aimed to explore the direct and indirect relationships between neuroticism and exhaustion, the core component of burnout, and between extraversion, conscientiousness, and engagement. Job demands, job resources, and psychological flexibility, a personal resource, were explored as potential mediators. Method: Participants completed an online questionnaire at two time points, 1 year apart. Participants were studying nursing, social work, psychology, or occupational therapy at time one (T1) and either studying (n = 18) or working (n = 81) at time two (T2), with no employment information for one participant. At T2 working participants were nurses (n = 36), psychologists (n = 14), occupational therapists (n = 13), social workers (n = 7), other health profession workers (n = 7), and non-health profession workers (n = 4). At T2 the average age of participants was 31 (standard deviation: 9.52; range: 21-60) and 92% were female. Results: The direct relationships between T1 neuroticism and T2 exhaustion, and T1 conscientiousness and T2 engagement were not significant when controlling for the outcome variables at T1, exhaustion and engagement, respectively. Multiple mediation and bootstrapping analyses indicated potential mediation relationships between T1 neuroticism and T2 exhaustion and between T1 extraversion and T2 engagement. Conclusion: While personality appears to be important in understanding burnout and engagement, the role of mediation suggests a complex relationship. Further longitudinal and large sample studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms by which personality impacts burnout and engagement. What is already known on this topic1 Health professionals and students are at risk for burnout, which is linked to depression and poor physical health. Overall, engagement is linked to increased work performance and wellbeing. 2 Personality factors such as neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness have been found to be related to both burnout and engagement. 3 The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model is an evidencebased model explaining burnout and engagement and suggests that job demands and job and personal resources predict burnout and engagement. What this paper adds1 Longitudinal studies of the relationships between personality and burnout and engagement have found less consistent results than cross-sectional studies. This study found that when measured longitudinally, and when controlling for time one exhaustion, neuroticism no longer predicted time two exhaustion. 2 This study considered that personality may impact burnout and engagement by leading to differences in job demands and job and personal resources and is the first to explore job demands, job resources and personal resources as mediators between exhaustion and neuroticism, and extraversion, conscientiousness, and engagement. 3 Potential mediation ...

This study provides a description of psychological late effects among a heterogeneous cohort of pediatric cancer survivors (N = 70) attending the South Australian Late-effects Clinic. Survivors reported more problems on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist compared to normative data but no differences in Sluggish Cognitive Tempo scores. Forty-six percent of the sample reported school difficulties, and 12% of the sample age older than 15 reported smoking. Late-effects clinics should continue to monitor psychological well-being and health behaviors. Further research is recommended to determine whether sluggish cognitive tempo is a useful concept for the assessment of survivors.